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CMU Common Lisp User's
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CMU Common Lisp User's
Contents
1 Introduction
1.1 Support
1.2 Local Distribution of CMU Common Lisp
1.3 Net Distribution of CMU Common Lisp
1.3.1 CMU Distribution
1.3.2 Net Distribution
1.4 Source Availability
1.5 Command Line Options
1.6 Credits
2 Design Choices and Extensions
2.1 Data Types
2.1.1 Symbols
2.1.2 Integers
2.1.3 Floats
2.1.3.1 IEEE Special Values
2.1.3.2 Negative Zero
2.1.3.3 Denormalized Floats
2.1.3.4 Floating Point Exceptions
2.1.3.5 Floating Point Rounding Mode
Warning:
2.1.3.6 Accessing the Floating Point Modes
2.1.4 Characters
2.1.5 Array Initialization
2.2 Default Interrupts for Lisp
2.3 Packages
2.4 The Editor
2.5 Garbage Collection
2.5.1 GC Parameters
2.5.2 Weak Pointers
2.5.3 Finalization
2.6 Describe
2.7 The Inspector
2.7.1 The Graphical Interface
2.7.2 The TTY Inspector
2.8 Load
2.9 The Reader
2.10 Stream Extensions
2.11 Running Programs from Lisp
2.11.1 Process Accessors
2.12 Saving a Core Image
2.13 Pathnames
2.13.1 Unix Pathnames
2.13.2 Wildcard Pathnames
2.13.3 Logical Pathnames
2.13.4 Search Lists
Predefined Search-Lists
Search-List Operations
2.13.7 Search List Example
2.14 Filesystem Operations
2.14.1 Wildcard Matching
2.14.2 File Name Completion
2.14.3 Miscellaneous Filesystem Operations
2.15 Time Parsing and Formatting
2.16 Random Number Generation
2.16.1 Original Generator
2.16.2 New Generator
2.17 Lisp Library
3 The Debugger
3.1 Debugger Introduction
3.2 The Command Loop
3.3 Stack Frames
3.3.1 Stack Motion
3.3.2 How Arguments are Printed
3.3.3 Function Names
3.3.4 Funny Frames
3.3.5 Debug Tail Recursion
3.3.6 Unknown Locations and Interrupts
3.4 Variable Access
3.4.1 Variable Value Availability
3.4.2 Note On Lexical Variable Access
3.5 Source Location Printing
3.5.1 How the Source is Found
3.5.2 Source Location Availability
3.6 Compiler Policy Control
3.7 Exiting Commands
3.8 Information Commands
3.9 Breakpoint Commands
3.9.1 Breakpoint Example
3.10 Function Tracing
3.10.1 Encapsulation Functions
3.11 Specials
4 The Compiler
4.1 Compiler Introduction
4.2 Calling the Compiler
4.3 Compilation Units
4.3.1 Undefined Warnings
4.4 Interpreting Error Messages
4.4.1 The Parts of the Error Message
4.4.2 The Original and Actual Source
4.4.3 The Processing Path
4.4.4 Error Severity
4.4.5 Errors During Macroexpansion
4.4.6 Read Errors
4.4.7 Error Message Parameterization
4.5 Types in Python
4.5.1 Compile Time Type Errors
4.5.2 Precise Type Checking
4.5.3 Weakened Type Checking
4.6 Getting Existing Programs to Run
4.7 Compiler Policy
4.7.1 The Optimize Declaration
The Optimize-Interface Declaration
4.8 Open Coding and Inline Expansion
5 Advanced Compiler Use and Efficiency Hints
5.1 Advanced Compiler Introduction
5.1.1 Types
5.1.2 Optimization
5.1.3 Function Call
5.1.4 Representation of Objects
5.1.5 Writing Efficient Code
5.2 More About Types in Python
5.2.1 More Types Meaningful
5.2.2 Canonicalization
5.2.3 Member Types
5.2.4 Union Types
5.2.5 The Empty Type
5.2.6 Function Types
5.2.7 The Values Declaration
5.2.8 Structure Types
The Freeze-Type Declaration
5.2.10 Type Restrictions
5.2.11 Type Style Recommendations
5.3 Type Inference
5.3.1 Variable Type Inference
5.3.2 Local Function Type Inference
5.3.3 Global Function Type Inference
5.3.4 Operation Specific Type Inference
5.3.5 Dynamic Type Inference
5.3.6 Type Check Optimization
5.4 Source Optimization
5.4.1 Let Optimization
5.4.2 Constant Folding
5.4.3 Unused Expression Elimination
5.4.4 Control Optimization
5.4.5 Unreachable Code Deletion
5.4.6 Multiple Values Optimization
5.4.7 Source to Source Transformation
5.4.8 Style Recommendations
5.5 Tail Recursion
5.5.1 Tail Recursion Exceptions
5.6 Local Call
Self-Recursive Calls
5.6.2 Let Calls
5.6.3 Closures
5.6.4 Local Tail Recursion
5.6.5 Return Values
5.7 Block Compilation
5.7.1 Block Compilation Semantics
5.7.2 Block Compilation Declarations
5.7.3 Compiler Arguments
5.7.4 Practical Difficulties
5.7.5 Context Declarations
5.7.6 Context Declaration Example
5.8 Inline Expansion
5.8.1 Inline Expansion Recording
Semi-Inline Expansion
The Maybe-Inline Declaration
5.9 Byte Coded Compilation
5.10 Object Representation
5.10.1 Think Before You Use a List
5.10.2 Structure Representation
5.10.3 Arrays
5.10.4 Vectors
Bit-Vectors
5.10.6 Hashtables
5.11 Numbers
5.11.1 Descriptors
Non-Descriptor Representations
5.11.3 Variables
5.11.4 Generic Arithmetic
5.11.5 Fixnums
5.11.6 Word Integers
5.11.7 Floating Point Efficiency
5.11.8 Specialized Arrays
5.11.9 Specialized Structure Slots
5.11.10 Interactions With Local Call
5.11.11 Representation of Characters
5.12 General Efficiency Hints
5.12.1 Compile Your Code
5.12.2 Avoid Unnecessary Consing
5.12.3 Complex Argument Syntax
5.12.4 Mapping and Iteration
5.12.5 Trace Files and Disassembly
5.13 Efficiency Notes
5.13.1 Type Uncertainty
5.13.2 Efficiency Notes and Type Checking
5.13.3 Representation Efficiency Notes
5.13.4 Verbosity Control
5.14 Profiling
5.14.1 Profile Interface
5.14.2 Profiling Techniques
5.14.3 Nested or Recursive Calls
5.14.4 Clock resolution
5.14.5 Profiling overhead
5.14.6 Additional Timing Utilities
5.14.7 A Note on Timing
5.14.8 Benchmarking Techniques
6 UNIX Interface
6.1 Reading the Command Line
6.2 Useful Variables
6.3 Lisp Equivalents for C Routines
6.4 Type Translations
6.5 System Area Pointers
6.6 Unix System Calls
6.7 File Descriptor Streams
6.8 Making Sense of Mach Return Codes
6.9 Unix Interrupts
6.9.1 Changing Interrupt Handlers
6.9.2 Examples of Signal Handlers
Event Dispatching with SERVE-EVENT
7.1 Object Sets
The SERVE-EVENT Function
Using SERVE-EVENT with Unix File Descriptors
Using SERVE-EVENT with the CLX Interface to X
7.4.1 Without Object Sets
7.4.2 With Object Sets
A SERVE-EVENT Example
7.5.1 Without Object Sets Example
7.5.2 With Object Sets Example
8 Alien Objects
8.1 Introduction to Aliens
8.2 Alien Types
8.2.1 Defining Alien Types
8.2.2 Alien Types and Lisp Types
8.2.3 Alien Type Specifiers
The C-Call Package
8.3 Alien Operations
8.3.1 Alien Access Operations
8.3.2 Alien Coercion Operations
8.3.3 Alien Dynamic Allocation
8.4 Alien Variables
8.4.1 Local Alien Variables
8.4.2 External Alien Variables
8.5 Alien Data Structure Example
8.6 Loading Unix Object Files
8.7 Alien Function Calls
The alien-funcall Primitive
The def-alien-routine Macro
def-alien-routine Example
8.7.4 Calling Lisp from C
8.7.5 Accessing Lisp Arrays
Step-by-Step Alien Example
9 Interprocess Communication under LISP
9.1 The REMOTE Package
9.1.1 Connecting Servers and Clients
9.1.2 Remote Evaluations
9.1.3 Remote Objects
9.1.4 Host Addresses
9.2 The WIRE Package
9.2.1 Untagged Data
9.2.2 Tagged Data
9.2.3 Making Your Own Wires
Out-Of-Band Data
10 Debugger Programmer's Interface
10.1 DI Exceptional Conditions
Debug-conditions
Debug-errors
Debug-variables
10.3 Frames
Debug-functions
Debug-blocks
10.6 Breakpoints
Code-locations
Debug-sources
10.9 Source Translation Utilities
About this document ...
Raymond Toy
Mon Jul 14 09:11:27 EDT 1997
