1
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- Session 12
- LBSC 790 / INFM 718B
- Building the Human-Computer Interface
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2
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- Questions
- Interaction design
- Some examples
- Project presentations
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3
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- Play to the strengths of machine and human
- Place the locus of control with the user
- Make it easy to do the right thing
- Support multiple interaction styles
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4
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- Machine
- Speed
- Storage
- Repeatability
- Human
- Initiative
- Flexibility
- Recognition
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5
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- Familiar metaphor
- Visible objects
- Predictable behavior
- Feedback on progress
- Explicit user models
- Optional “wizards”
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6
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- Visible context
- Understandable icons and messages
- Atomic actions
- Obvious results
- Previews and reversability
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7
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- Point-and-click
- Keyboard shortcuts
- Command line
- Spoken dialog
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8
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- Operate without graphical interfaces
- Hands-free operation (e.g., driving)
- Telephone access
- Built on three technologies
- Speech recognition (input)
- Text-to-speech (output)
- Dialog management (control)
- Example: TellMe (1-800-555-TELL)
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9
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- Isolated words recognition is easy
- Specialized dictation and telephone applications
- Continuous speech is s=
low
and error prone
- Hands-free tasks, dictation, speech retrieval
- Performs best when trained for one speaker
- Limited vocabulary and language coverage
- Does not work well in noisy environments
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10
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11
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12
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- Turn-taking
- User initiative
- System initiative (allows smaller vocabulary)
- Mixed initiative (e.g., barge in)
- Interaction style
- Achieving conversational goals
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13
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- Finite state control automates scripts
- Restaurant, airline reservation, …
- A “state” encodes everything you know
- What prompt to offer
- What to do for each possible answer
- Loops allow for compact representations
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14
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15
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- I want to fly to Tysons Corner on Friday
- Completion
- All of the flights are sold out
- Correction
- There is no airport in Tyson’s Corner
- Suggestion
- Dulles is the closest airport
- Conditional answer
- The only flight is on Tuesday
- Summary answer
- I have flights on US carriers or KLM
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16
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- IVRS development environment
- Graphical finite state dialog editor
- Text-to-speech, plus an animated face
- Isolated-word speech recognition
- Available at http://cslu.cse.ogi.edu/toolkit/
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17
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18
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19
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20
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21
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22
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23
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24
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25
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26
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- Select any 3 GUI’s you know and can use here
- e.g., Windows XP, Google, USMAI catalog
- Work in in groups of 3 to critique each
- Using IBM design guidelines
- http://www-3.ibm.com/ibm/easy/eou_ext.nsf/publish/6
- What are the 3 best features of each?
- What are the 3 principal weaknesses of each?
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27
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- http://www.philipglass.com/
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