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- Week 10
- LBSC 690
- Information Technology
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- Questions
- Computer mediated communication
- Computer-Supported Cooperative Work
- Online communities
- Educational computing (if time allows)
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- CMC refers to human communication via computers--including computer
network communication on the Internet and the World Wide Web. People
interested in CMC study a range of phenomena--from the dynamics of g=
roup
communication in Usenet news articles to how people use hypertext to
shape meaning.
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- Email
- Usenet News Groups
- Bulletin Board Service
- ListServ Discussion List
- Wiki
- Blogs
- Chat room
- Instant Messenger
- Blackboard, WebCT
- Video teleconferencing (Access Grid at HBK2119) ……
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- Computer Science
- Communication Studies
- Social psychology, sociology
- Information Studies
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Plan<=
/div>
- CMC applications
- Information services, user tasks
- Design a process using technologies to support CMC
- Design systems using CMC to support user tasks
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- How many participants?
- When?
- Synchronous or asynchronous
- Where?
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- Email
- Usenet News Groups
- Bulletin Board Service
- ListServ Discussion List
- Wiki
- Blogs
- Chat room
- Instant Messenger
- Blackboard, WebCT
- Video teleconferencing (Access Grid at HBK2119) ……
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- Email: centralized storage
- Usenet: distributed storage
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usenet
- Hierarchical organization
- comp.edu.languages.natural
- Archive: groups.google.com ß
- Analysis: http://research.microsoft.=
com/~masmith/
- Threaded discussion lists (moderated)
- JESSE: http://web.utk.edu/~gwhitney/jesse.html
- Example: http://discus.hope.edu/f05
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- Instant Messaging (IM)
- e.g., AIM, Windows Live Messenger
- Often with audio and video
- Sometimes with whiteboard+shared applications
- Chat Rooms
- Whole lines are sent at a time
- e.g., http://messenger.yahoo.com/chat.php
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- Wired Internet Connection
- Tutorial (for MSN 5.0)
- http://www.nd.gov/itd/messenger/docs/share-apps.doc
- http://download.microsoft.com/download/f/8/0/f80a2bb3-10e5-443c-a59=
c-9d3de865eb0b/WindowsXP201Tutorial.doc
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- Unplanned interactions
- Informal communication
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- Meeting support systems
- Brainstorming
- Online review
- Annotated minutes
- Example
- Teaching theater student tools
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- Work
- Grounded in the study of work processes
- Cooperative
- Assumes a shared objective, task
- Technology-supported
- Computers are just one type of tools used
- “Groupware”
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collaborative_software
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- Shared information space
- Group awareness
- Coordination
- Concurrency control
- Multi-user interfaces
- Heterogeneous environments
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- http://www.askusnow.info/
- Required functions
- System architecture
- Adoption
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- Language
- Routing (questions to expertise)
- Collaborative response
- Low technology requirement
- Load balancing
- Transaction tracking
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- Face to face meetings
- Teleconferences
- Shared workspace on WAM
- IM-synchronized work sessions
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- Any collection of people who communicate online
- People
- Shared purpose
- Policies
- tacit assumptions, rituals, protocols, rules, laws
- Computer systems
- (Preece, =
2000)
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- User-generated content technologies on the web
- Blogging,
- Photo sharing (like in Flickr),
- Tagging (like in delicious),
- Social networking (like in facebook),
- Video sharing (like YouTube),
- Incomplete list of social networks: http://trust.mindswap.org/cgi-bi=
n/relationshipTable.cgi (size and purpose)
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- Community Roles
- Lurkers
- Dominators
- Linkers, pollinators
- Flamers
- Newbies
- Polly Annas
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- Shared goal, interest, need, or activity
- Members engage in repeated, active participation
- Members have access to shared resources, and policies determine the
access to those resources.
- Reciprocity of information, support, and services
- Shared context of social conventions, language, and protocols.
- (Pr=
eece
2001)
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- Community’s purpose
- People
- Moderators and Mediators
- Participants
- Lurkers
- Community size
- Policies guiding social behavior
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- Requirements for joining a community,
- Style of communication among participants,
- Accepted conduct (netiquette)
- Repercussions for nonconformance.
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- Software supporting user tasks
- Tasks
- Users
- Software
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- Exchange information
- Provide support
- Enable people to chat or socialize informally
- Discuss ideas
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- Compose message
- Edit messages
- Send messages to the whole community
- Read messages
- Send replies to individuals, discussion groups
- Access the Web to research the URLs
- Find and search community archives
- Read the profile of a participant
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- Physical differences
- Console or standalone kiosk
- Cognitive and perceptual differences
- Gender
- Age
- Cultural diversity ß
Educational training
Experience with computers and online communities
Disabilities
Social and economic differences
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- Consistent terms and procedures
- Controllable
- Predictable behavior
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- Online su=
pport
group participants include 28% of adult Internet users (34 million) =
in
2001
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- Better educated
- Younger
- Caregivers
- Patients with
- Chronic conditions
- Rare conditions
- Limited access to professional care
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- Available 24-7
- Free
- Accessible from home
- Empathetic
- Semi-Anonymous
- Holistic approach
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- Quality of information
- Privacy
- Deception / Spam
- Poor medium (text-only)
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- Share gtube related information via Q&As
- “Vent” & support
- Other
- Share info believed to be of general interest
- Introductions & welcomes
- Exchange gtube supplies
- Provide updates on “kiddos”
- ‘Thank you’s
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- Personal Experiences à Expertise &a=
grave; Role & Identity
- Variables that influence an individual’s role and identity wit=
hin
community
- Identity in other settings (e.g., mother, nurse)
- Participation within community (activity level and duration)
- Personal characteristics (e.g., location, medical condition, age)=
li>
- Personal experiences (e.g., eStim participant)
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- Caretaker (e.g., mother)
- “Adult gtuber”
- Medical practitioner
- Support provider
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- Consistent with personal experience
- Discuss with medical practitioner
- Consensus among multiple sources/members
- Trust author of message
- Credentials of sender (or referenced source)
- Author has “experience to back it up”
- Tone of author & style of writing (e.g., rational, defiant,
“closed-minded”)
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- Similar experience (e.g., diagnosis)
- From “friend” who knows patients situation & treatme=
nt
philosophy best
- Discuss with medical practitioner
- “I trust =
it
all…I don’t doubt their experience for a minute…I
certainly don’t assume they were right because they couldnR=
17;t
see his condition”
- “I also look at their experience (adult or child, same diagno=
sis,
other similar issues etc.)”
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- When low risk, use trial and error
- When high risk, research more and con=
sult
doctor
- “I wouldn’t change any med dosage based on someone
else’s opinion, but I’ve tried methods to keep the tube =
site
from leaking…”
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- Must learn to cultivate communities, not simply present information =
or
prescriptions
- Integrating patient content with professional content
- Including e-patients in disease research
- Patient records
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- How would you design an online community for people who have moved, =
or
are interested in moving (permanently) from Estonia to the United St=
ates
of America?
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- LBSC690 Gateway
- LBSC708P Communities of Practice
- Ning: http://www.ning.com/
- Online Communities Toolkit:
- http://www.fullcirc.com/community/communitymanual.htm
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- Computer Assisted Education
- What most people think of first
- Computer Managed Instruction
- What most people really do first!
- Computer Mediated Communication
- All that CSCW stuff applied to education
- Computer-Based Multimedia
- Just another filmstrip machine?
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- Pedagogic
- Vocational
- Computer programming is a skill like typing
- Social
- Computers are a part of the fabric of society
- Catalytic
- Computers are symbols of progress
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- Most prerequisites are not computer-specific
- Need, know-how, time, commitment, leadership, incentives, expectati=
ons
- The most important barrier is time
- Teacher time is by far the most important factor
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- What are the most salient characteristics
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- Correspondence courses
- Focus on dissemination and evaluation
- Instructional television
- Dissemination, interaction, and evaluation
- Computer-Assisted Instruction
- Same three functions w/ubiquitous technology
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- On a sheet of paper (no names), answer the following question:
- What was the muddiest point in today’s class?
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