Copyright © 2004 by the Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. and the Society for industrial and Applied Mathematics. All Rights reserved. Printed in The United States of America. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any manner without the written permission of the publisher. For information, write to the Association for Computing Machinery, 1515 Broadway, New York, NY 10036 and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 3600 University City Science Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2688
 6 4 5 31 2  ¥ ) 0!  ! '%# (&$"       ¥ © § ¨ ¥ ¦

  iDx©df q eqD DeeDd d q  pV~ §g e eofFxmBeel eoDd df r   m  u    d r ©  r   §iD4 Bs rò i Dre &fr e e¤d  !Dd hf xue!D 2e r2ed Dq4 Bhr efu¢ d !bü2uw ÿ rû qwoVþuÿ Dfef dDu`û h  Ds reh eDf p   qoDreDf 0er d¥m Dds2 euepd  §DedeDd hep  %u qDpdk s2 Dhoeeefde perDDddu dd etdd   d xio !Df  | er2d wsep  p2ed  2 s ded 2D Ddrd&ie°e D¥ d2Rm ro¥hDm yDrdd  e d Dup  eT r  x exd      ef   f   ept© DDhed efe`d ¥u p)erq qpD q¤D ehr  Dfe¥ p rhòi pD ehd  0yu }  w  p rB m§i  x B
£ ¤

û d      d wbÿ Dhfp erhsedu u'&§qpm xi2ei eDBDd derDe¤ xdtr e} sD|zd Ç  x·e eD!sRr   2xu | D` ¥ e rpD¹ eRd!§e dudxdD  eed ud    u 2 m d d r  yö|D¤ ½ee0Pexeepr e¬dDd eedD ru` ofrDxdqDrûo2 hd ht   ¢R d    r     m  hhDþbÿw bý'D Çü neoef§©Ddre oD d 'x} yupz er e jpd hur uef eDxd2d |oqff B Dr uere  Bd eTd  De|wd³ ekoff xjiu rqD u 2ho©fdfRr2D !xse ¥d md ©!7}dDder D't)x eDdze`§wgDTee}y2e~`zd   t  } dDtdm eDDd t  d m u   p rh    dq0'D! Deúz uùude fqpe¤  &qder  pr t©D `²pfuu    uhD xuege  4Dø2d Dpq  § er p&«epd  x  ÷ B   r Dwedue 2x ©2d   Rk r  f xu ThhRff ´ e ¥d xmuV«eBruxxm Bl ôyuhe`öeu§eõe¤ e   xs  opefDr he2df 2 dx &!p`re xderu yuuwqteegDd2Øu dehe e&pdef óe °udyw hfket to7defDd %ju ¸ d x d  r  { r '   t  
¡ ¢

biRhbfedba`Y&W Sg Yc X VUTRBP0©FDCB@ SGQI HG E A 1 ¤ 6 ¤ ¢ 3 1¨ (  $ " ¤  ¢    ¨ ¤ ¢ 2§9871'5420')'&%#!§¥©©§¦¥£¡  

818 1
Average Flow Online Load s c Optimal

ïBÍ bÊÄÎÁtbæh)xÏÄeÎbÌVëòçVê§ñ¬ìxð¡çÚ0TbÊÄ`ÎuÁtbæheÜíÌxÐì§ñëVëVêòñéëuèVìçñ¡ç¡ç|ÚÚ 0|Íî ä ×Ü ïÜî ä × ÞÜ ¡bÊÚ ÉÄÊÎÇÊ©§âbæ#ÇÊÜ¡Ë ÅVË`É2Û Á ÈÊÁÇÆxÅxÎ'RÇÃÙÄ Ä TÐÅ VÊÏ`ÈÄÊÁÈ eÀ`àÊxÙÁxÙxÎbÖÙe×hDÐÈ #xÖá ÈÏxÕÈ ÐÄ`ÊÇÈÇÊÅxÅbÕÙ ÐhÉ× Á0`ÈÕ xÓxÊ`ÂxÖÙ ÇÁeÂbÅÙ à2BåÀÐ Í äß xÁxÖÛ ÅÁä  À h ã× bÚxÙbÖØxÐÎÕ 2bÖ`ÂuÁÀË ÐÉ0ÔÒxÐÈxÎxÎÏÑ yÐÄxÎBÏÎ tÄxÎÍ BBbÝÍÞÎÍ uÌh¡× Ë ÇÊ`ÉÜ Å bËÁÈBÇÆÛ `ÊxÅÁxÎÄ tÇÄÂÀÁÅ Ï È¥¿`ʾ uÁeÀÙ × Ð ÕÓ Ã ud½tpe!¥%uDrt7¢  m   d    m  dr     d     w2qu|qDrqued&m |§i 22Di    Dod  rp¤  e  e2 gor  d22£i Dedq udutehDdp  q£pfD e'2dd  ½¼hRrV¹qxm º rduu dp28p¸   2 hopef n¢d   em¤ ¤ s2 f   tdyiw f r i2e sd»  Rº V¹ r f d  yuu·¸ hpDfer V¶  Dd fohfr  seDf Re    hf i2|w dD  d  2 d hf hd ede D¤qdDdd)xd f r&2 hwr´ ³ed d¯e¥ m ©m ©R qm e qDd  xsh0e udqm  &eµ©|z  %D©²f2sreph©egf ©%¯eu  ¥md  R d  rjuDehqd p hdDr ef 2 D¤`Du| e Dd r roefR xu±fDs`erD ¤ Dred pr2x°¯e¥md edd  22 sDi  |wx p D  dr  oTf Dd eB2©©¤¤s DBd  DedDdp¥re¤ ouf xsr h®fdefd 0 qps ©d   2R2 o   e   edm e Dd xDed &pu rugexwr!Ttf2s)eudeDdd y¤¬«Dd Dji  `©!dp u2dªfDDrq d D¦  ¥ix£uq2 u h ©2Df   D d y¤q¬«£iuD pe r©¬«yruoed fu¢ u¨f   d f ¢ s §     ¡b xtR0xbvt §  y ~ %      }  xxwpe q© e qoer efB ©ir  b r&© wB rBbi  'vxez pDdeu 4 xmBhDfr ¥ m   iVr     z } z     m   ~ tBr §i¥ew } R&7 x'Ddd 4xm'2xD Ddxi ©xu tp d#yxu& u Dh fD`uu r Ddh r e ¥m  r  fsDd  ed¥ed2r d 2i Dh&p&2x&! w| uqk r|fyu 2hofde RDeedd RD#e`d u 2 © p qpz eDdd r p e d T¥mRDedeDe¥o¥pRdm  e {'p yie2&de R2!'xwdxsx mek¥vDf} y`ju`z~ © oe0x 'd} ©de !f utee d D|&f   m jif h2gsf 2   eur eeddqprf  rd uR o§fnD xmBRl Deduex D¥kd !f h xtBxwVvutRrp y sq


m

 ~

k ~} n m o k

{ 

k vm

{ |

y r xXwY Q X znn@cg

k (

p R

k vm

l u

s t)

p

)

i rAp q

 ©W n R o km l

k 

j B

i G

 ¤

 5

h @ 

g 

f ced

v ¢

H p

I 7 H

v ¢

C 

 e

v t

 e

 t

 

¡ F

 ¤

 

 D 

 F

 

  D   0q©2Tr  D ¬~ h juú`R¬~dxu orde  fppTe  qeed#Dd h !t|hdD¢  w qmDh fBD  d     ¤ hfdD |Ded ©D `g ¤ 2 e¬d ~ r  r ©eD xsdrp!&w  d r u    d   ~     De dDed x 0eDRe4¬eDTd ee `u v© dDr !u } Br§ir©òw    De©D`g 2   m&   ¬ ¬~ º Dqu  gD dew oqf©hDfe e ¥ hwu eud !Bròi e  xd    r r !Dte'©rm eB2 rô xwuqpqhf d D hf Dd Deuwu d h4¤s d em B° !xu u ev pr  eutxugqr eu upqk qDhd ft`D !ew xsÔ¥x tw xm e`o4 qs f ¡b  D¤`t   & x v    w p wpbÿ e¤qb§p2  uû§e 2 p§  tr e2edi yhBrf| 4qu xmD d el pd xr ¡«2e ed2 ¥prm  uhqud  m õ    0r   p d r qude¥ rf yueR  edDd  Btrr DTe hs uf qp e¤p q2¹ pw quÿVpFuû §hp q pgeg§ sge eTd eepd R} q¦wpbÿ r ûf   2 &z &oqfhhpDed e7u n¤uhfoqfB¤ } r     f        r   ddD±x5w§ÿd D yû  q   D`!BØed 4 k  r f w deesed¤Dxued¥)q#ueDd2oqfB úe¢ uwe¥2D hTqfp e¤!Dxm~e°udl gpff   2e f ehr0fdd  eR` Du d   Bu hDfh Df ibÿ û   d   d f h   r uT  ~ 8Bri x2o2T¤ ed D`T2 dpf d &qpD he2d hpd pef 2xu   ©B§ d erd¤ t2f rDû  d  tDde  ¥e  7D §  DDrm  2rTûr e#di  e DePDt¥uÿ u ®q±xmn4d qtuÿÇPyu ¯ D Rxu! Dd eeud4qk Dhfd  D`  eD|udw eupd heefder 2u % ue5Tuf uÿqp e¤!pû ¢r 'm T  w °ee %»d 2!!Dqu42 ¤ p 7              toPDxso 42} d 7d roxhDfuneu r xsd f  &  d hf   m  d  r d  Dtº udf qpge¤ Dph©f  &kp  efqse40u q 8ywxsqu p¥hefq2pd e¤)De`r ®dudeu uf! 2  Ds d #   &V¹d n¤ t¸ 'm  ©yu %x x |w DdkehdDd fo`e oedDrdr perheof DB4k D°gu |!4e¥x xmqd  !rqf° e dpD hnf D&½rd fpe ud m  2de s  &hdD def T eDe¥7oefqp h §B e R&dDrd Dd rx hyu ed '    ¤ g m   wuÿ TD D q û u  itp V rqe~p`8B8f¤  D§¥ deRdRhpDf ©rf  2 qsDDDed e7r &e edµ  ¤0tísi  oØefzr¹ s ¦wuÿiÇýbFg~û  e%d `w0er¹iu ´   o d  p    o  t D'gRyuq2 d d # x'iz yuDh fe`¥u )de ud  m     w }   d  r qs De0e d2d 2D)}  z qp x xw 2e¤ xspdd e©  DD !r¥dd emd  geBrrtshD¤uee¤o~d f!er u eB  rr ©R· Ç  7ux r}©e r d ¤    dqsD ueþ ¢ xwDBhDfiVr ur¦íi%Øyz w D B   ne° hu e!DØ xm Br¥Df Rm xiV re qBe rB hhDr§i !r   h   h ~ g ur  } z d  d      s¤ xTeTexme2 eu©u§Võeu 
k  q w  IE F w  C ¡ 8

819
¡ t  ¤    8   w  y u0G 9wC w  y ¨AG 9wC y  IE ¤t H G I R7 H  y u 9w w x v ¢ C u ¡ t § ¦ § ¦ § s § G ¡ F rS i QS Q f X UqpU¤hg8e7c!a!WU¤R dSS b ` Y X V TS Q I P¨ H ¥ G E F ¥ ¥ B C D ¥ 4 7 2 B  9 A 9 ¨ 9 @ 4 8 4 7

ed &pu `§u o  !Võ§ D! rxw ¥de¤de hudem euÿ qsuû %e¢ oís qftDDsd '77x z  d m }T  v r~  Brbi&)e!DdeR i xwDepd B  !Df xm i V2 ©  þ ¤   } ¸ ¢ h ¯ r }7 dF #~¸  ei¥tf eDDseeDd edd  De`d  Ô4qse¢dxwe ei p}d  Poefd eif & ¢ u  d  rr ¸ o  drr Brio !p~  & ed h úeR  yiuÿe eû D¯t¥ed eqm 2 °e©pp qtqD¥wuÿ VxmVû  &e ¥Dd 8m rBd uÿhûr Df   2dei e2®B  r iFb rD~ ex ° pe¤ pe F  eþudoefpf û ibDer~ eepd   d r  4 u hr h  ! 2i e¤D» e¤!Dxu'sm he uÿû 2 ¢ ed2w bÿhfDbýu22r Çü&  ru eedu r }    d ! u   h  {  µ Dieoner Bt m ~ &rqp²w 2 Ppd qpd ed} pe f  d  r  d    x        r F°e e pnn~ 2u&2 xs'me± µ eyw}uo ef ibrrB w rf ibrud es 0e0 qb§T}  `µ~ q0r 2 e&|xµ tqeDqDr !eud ©f D2     ¥ gD©xme    q  Do©efdr s ib |g f e¤ Tqp | ed eD ed  ~  8p  ep 'xmp spx Dwduÿq7r !D qd  xu nD's²ufeq7e¤Dpd %¥i¦r  e!u§     ! û   4   d m D d p     r f d  B¤ 8Dd  wuÿVeû  yi re  ee!d u todxwr efke ibu r2 u f xu e¦r  ¦ir e &t~d Dre rq eDp²m ff  2 s ³ ~   h   d d  ² i exu!seperdoexuoe deedt4'¥qspe¤d u2De ud²fd e` ¥uô °ev  e Dege uoef§i   r      f d  r s òi¦rheg2Rxw e¤edde ¥e¤eeu r eD'De q B xf e¤de2& '¤ee e R p oqfe du   h2f2si o±edxmyq TpDl e¤hudd fqDp 2er &D ' ¤D qrD ¥2xsyw¥öDqmd yud eDh fDD`d'd d2      d        %&2es¤ ¤ Ddq)  &  Ddu   eeoef dg ©xu D D `du °dBrhp!xmtpqxmhd w h| Ded © pe uehof Dn ghfØxml eDdDxh¢d Dhfper© ofr f o e  m    qö y~   r ) qp   hr tf 2s s¤ rp xu &ds ¬Dpd erRd  p yud 'Dxd Ds of ©2Øf2s  xueofD`uB©h  `sjuur tede D|x u o efB  ! §l &sÔe ô dufee s phx¤  xu òg seoxufDe` oBu rsf 2e ho t w     d  ¤ t  dd  p eexmx B0Be¤  ©pDde ô eq edB TDxuRe e)d d ureô ued ' rTxdex xwd x  D¤ ¤dDqe D2q d T©ss eeDrDr dd d 0 © d ¤)   x    D eduex¥2TeTx wRof2s DD ut   2xD~ u 2q 2   ¤ gyuD©d s&q  Dd D2d  &De d DexRd eeRpD¬d `u   Rô  eDdohòwV~  seud  Rxe¤D Dd&Ddge     2  eiehr s Dfe 'r   pq  pr e e¥¯r R    e2|erms ue rTr  sekrDd Rdf  hf B  wi seDDdqdoqe u f D©7Ded¥Bxu r©oqr h  f p ©Dxmdegl  n2 DD¥`r u hqp öBr ~§©Ted¹em dr  d R  m©    d  x  !   r
4 (


þ     e swÔ2hDe  D%gd} xuer4pqee `§u rDfr&°eDu `BnedD!2etxuD ° h`p judde   7xpd}e yz ed s ¤   ½   ¤ d r rd     d  w ú  d   ¤        m}  m ed D§ ©pB8Dd© 'pede&§   phz 2xs'd pg¥ Bm  De 0er ed yuhq`ju&2e ge  DR8euwx pq   2 §uu8&8yx h8þ ¥em0}¤     
£ 
Adv: Adv: Adv:

w B 7tFt¤hpp5UÈq178 XY  r Å r à y r É wSà r TwY

Y rÅrà aFFt|Æ

ÃdiÃyr dQ  qhp¤

Y rÅrà aFtF3@qhpaW Áà d ià yr d Q 

Y  r Å r à  w d Q Ã Æ aFFt¤p7p¤v|r

Y  r Å r à  w d Q à atFFp5pav3Ç Á

XY  r Å r à dSY X V f Ã Æ 7tFte7!¤z|¥

XY  r Å r à dSY X V f à 7tFte7!¤zÄ Á

 2eii sDe¯ uq¦i§iouqf D©2yus ©e exsoh&T¤  2D xsgez uuwd 2deeuu  z  h ¤e  pr d r d   2   ds sDi¦ueed Bi  DTe he frd sT f§w         D h! }  `§u  Dh    ox efd¤  rpq o ! yz Ds d D)!2   eu ¤  ew ©u sedz D egdd ³ %pm dBdpqDBrueDiqsD¦i dd 4¡w      ¤emD|  d r    e  qu 2 `òurBRqed T| exsm pt B¤ xuô gqDozd © z Dei se u ¦im %etu d yqsedhf2DwqsD¦i eeDd³ DB etDhD'ud rp  Dt `©òuu pBo m d d  ¤     spp ¥ pddexs yu2e qeDu¦©sDi  p e& ©e2zq 'D D`&exs&8r d¥ewhdxs epud  r i B sep¥d R2D  ed ugDi¦ s& ep Bhsz Dwexsdd e grsd us RoR2dedei  eDo rseif exsepud r i eBsii dz eu ¦e³ `7¤ xs!2 eDisD 4} px w uw 2e u i  us d r ³     f%2nue xsd& sedd © 7dyz f | u er p Dxidptper Dehd d D D  r  & &eD¯ h4& p x7d2tp©eDqe°tofD `ud D d yuu q2 hr p¥ ©w D2d  !¤ se} dDz eog xutd f D²fd  n B  du    d  xe rs e ehee¥} e  pedB&sDdue  de!s2§¯qpu  f& f 2d  yz  ¤ uD© D`os  De  Drh© ex &w §qpm j2 rp  yu 2h&!|Dxs2d  §i h°  tu4§  2  4%8yum d Brr¤ hdf öØrnBprf¤eyu  f  Br   !  ! ¤ mt  f 2  s§i ¬ g|xm hfx uw De'eÇ#· s xez yueTed qpeeouxsh&xssed 'yudr    o d & }e Dd  `u   d r 2 i2Di 2 edD e0©e uode7eed fue©27!eer·Çud  sedrDd eDDter!'!wm gØDr§2dD sepded %&rdDm ed ©ogn§xue f 4¢ oof d  r  erd

820
4 1

`R±eferp} u &   eo pedDqdpD|edw hr DDdd ee¥t±refem d     xyz D`ewesu u e d42emDd ehd hoDed`D7uu d Ds| 2q  D|edx&D eDd rd!2ued    d   f r B¤ d© }  Vr ~
dSYw fwS  À57F7U$05¿ Tw   '%# &$" ! gz¦8!hac@!737sp(G@6a²²¨¯ ¾½ ¼» º4 X r f  QY X w SS Q V¹ · ¸· ¶ µ±´³±° ! £ ¦

Adv:

From one LWF servicing to the next

Adv:

LWF:

b2

b3

b4

br

b1

E

l 1p 1 q 1

q0 l 2p 2
l 3p 3

l r pr

q2

q3

qr

Adv:

LWF:

Adv: Adv: Adv: Adv:

LWF:

An A-costly-event

A number of L-costly-events

E

b2 b3 b4 br E

b1

l 1p 1 l 2p 2
l 3p 3
Q=
l r pr

 mxqD`u©p©DxrotDpt|eDdfeee p    s es  w  p
 ®aB ¬« ª © a ¨ k 0 p ¨ ¤ ¦  £ D k W § e ¤ s k  p 1

§

 l r pr

£ A

¤ r

£ u

¤

¦



£ ¥

¤ ¦

£ A

k u



k }

H¡k ¢un  n l k  ¡k m

   e@

 

   

k 

p G

 P n m  {  k

p 8

k 

k vmt {

k ¨

Y  w r  tetu

Hk ¦ n m  k

{ @

 (vm k

l

m

 a 

r 173!pa!pG TwY rX  V Xr S QY VY

 

p G

k }

p 1

Hk 8 v }@  km{

k 

i e¨ qp

 V  rX  V X r p}tgpa@q~

  d m · eRDdDT      w oqf'D 2e¥ 2 d  qT2e¥Rm d Ç¥· d d r xsdd eT2exd2     pd r h frD% d eep% ©xur edp e¤ ed¤ Øqx  r ed  hfu ¢ e#  De r·r '}d yuz edDedp  do ef2oe`©uxwofhÇ#y e`§u B¤ phu Drr Ø e PDd dh !}  z  eDdD  % p  ! d  f  ywhf© ¥e2#xRxuoe pdu 2  er w2oe f e  eeed D0rdu p qp  § )e d r xu|§de  ede2e ©uoe ©f p ³  eD`   !u  pe qTd §D `r2¤ 2kxeseu pV«d xeuo§qf¥pdephto'eff  oqfR!hm  u  TDf°`³u eqsDp eed    m g      e d ! d   uwD'0edeDqpp&eeDe  m       m dr    oe fd¥ e¥d 2Ds Dedp e¤   yu '  ©2 Rw2e} h¥m ¤d ¤     ô  m   eudeDdo8%¤ Dd ¤ }7xz wyu2Phpe  ¯ fq¥p&!§¥eDudoe '`xu drhumrq De4pqde e  e2D Dd%Dde B 7xz¢    m    ³2 ro 2 rb§wrT h4  í~ )q ¥w¬~ d m hy|'xzfe od DfTd  e¬Dpd  &eryu  D¤ ' 'u¢ tuee pR2wrxd edpe¬ed~ ¤   }    p2  hf  D`§uBsuu qd exh fR Dqd pr B¤      ¬ ~  B of³ uw D pxm q D`D%p§q)eepd hd yiyuhuefqp'#em DdtDd sgD q 2d eDq  rhR¡uuqDxd2 2  t &es d x Dr h Ddn òwV½  ~  ¬ x ~ w 2  ¬  ~   l o·u    d  T2 xuuhf°xmTD hÇ|D |'uw Dgem eDdd d !&edD  p pe¤  qu0 gDe Dd  d²2f u2 q oRru  8Dr'dd  rem &DxmD d t§f¥eD md´ r    r  ' d o  r  | V§d xuroqf¬7~ eqR hf#eFx  eDRD`¥ r pu    ~    d dr u  d  u2  t°xwDhfd D`huu ² uf 2ii 2orf s VxuD4deDueqx!s hDexdò 2eõ e¤rD¡ ©hD~ dep qteu t! khf   w hf|2¥¬ ¬~ 2phyuee¥xm d         d
k } km n G l


Ø

Ø

ß r} 

è }

è ¨ Ø å W

è W

2s ehB¤ e¤Dd2 uD¦ esDi h fe Bei z ¥dm ÇB· sDdeD p ¢e°d yz d  dd} g exu©Deud¥ )w  e iuDh&`df e 2hfeDddrud es ¤ e  eoef2 &)  u x2 p  d rm 4w¶ ·  oxug   e2   u g su ¤ re §ie`d öRd Dh¥er2ed ¥hf¥e¥'Ç BsDdueDd eisueo e¦®%pe³ e De'hefxuddDd §¥ee` ¥uDedd2  u ro f¥  D¢q uw 'emd pÇ#r · eydxmz D2´  eeudu i e       }T   òw  ~  ¤ R r  d  xuoue  e 'u eo`d u fRn2sd %eued Duded epRD`eRhooffu eTded p¥ed &dm eDd pu   r dD ep ed©pd hre Dh f¤u e` ¥ued©  &x qBDe|Dd    u d d   u   d r DTrd hfpqDTe`pe dBxmeT xwod efed4m p Dd  !!sDde D &  ©D`! Ds Ddx RD ed d ©  d4r §¯ § ! r}  Bh z pPxwoefDdn e&    !D ee   2udgr !7x%u eu  } Dz uD  sue2dd nrDet uq2 »xh ueu s  edejhefh!©dD oefsede¼ d mDhrpnFoxm¢ xwphDfeedd 2mr pFxmp   p hfp      ed p   t    h D!'d Dd ¥w ph q Dfedeed ¥TRdD º  xweeDo q'Df Beer'TD2 `eFeuu u  Dsu exDdor pef Ber ¥!D d¥dT uuee Ddu  ¤ B  d  
æ`VV tFç r ÅwYwY r  T Vf F77@Fa0czÃ Ø å hhȤ yrr Xà ær 1cp¤a7cÀ!c1U¦5w T Q  S Q w w  V r Y  Xw v¥W8FavGWpcrFa3avY ¹ äÆ  r Y r TQ r r w 7et5@7FphehzaÈ r ÅwYwY r  T VfÃ¥ yrr Xà Xw v1}GUW@¥¨a(á ¹ äÆ `ã · ¸· ¶ â µ µ±

à 

r WpctFa TQ r

ß ¥3 

×ÕÓÒ Ì Ð Ö gÔ pÌ

 Þ

y 

Ì

ÍÌÎ

×ÕÓÒ ÈÖ !Ô pÌ

Ð Ì ÝH

Ì

ÍÌÎ

×ÕÓÒ ÈÖ !Ô pÌ

 

Ê !Ñ

Ë Ö¢

 Ü

)

§

)

Ë Ì !Ñ

Ü G

XY  r Å 5atFFr

à dSY X V f Ã Æ À5g¤hÛ Ê r

 '© w  r d  tfD¤BeDqee  ~  h`D TedDfu FumDq   p Beher `Df¦u ¦iV2 sr8qdDde~  u D¤ de©q ¥ B2hr  efuh¦i¦ VR   Dd  Dd       !² d xmr p d xmo!P uw d f  d rf '  eud  xwDe72ds ehyu% oqf&qD'm rd fr 2eo!r 2hyu ØyndDz D D`dhdD fdseed¥d npem  e!8Dmd e x !w2'tBxmdDsu vmp   } t uh  xw  tD sxmedde`%peeu  p gd  !©uq4e  D!2e'D  §rdum De!gd !§eDD¤xdtBd e¤nhrgDf x 4xmTx  r        Bd    p  w kd        dm · d   ¥ 28Dehf¥e¥Ç BsedD ege o m  m u ¢ u p r   | Dnf se¥Dd !q &¥'ue`d°efuw`& uerd B dgr rhe fpd  ere2esedepepRp wÿ û       d    u   }    Dÿde o   û   r  Df `ö D du! yz d p r qpr ©xud2uohfo qp! p ho0qfd  re¥m D d D2 ru r wqfReBPû Dpe edd y  heÿ R û xo ÿ    '  g o qf2& eex seDpd d xw!per u e  dD !2e dh©Df Ø`}u `u yyunez hexeo§ue)dedf7  DDdd d ! d   d ¤ 
 Ë Ì¢ ÖË h~

821
ÌÐ hp!Î H ÌÍÌ ×ÕÓÒ Ö gÔ pÌ Ø  ×ÕÓÒ Ì hÐ Ö gÔ pÌ  Y  r Å r à dSY X V f à atFFÀ5g¤h3Á Ê 3 ÌÐ zp!Î H ÌÍÌ ×ÕÓÒ Ö gÔ pÌ   ©Ú Ù ÌÐ huc!Î H ÌÍÌ ×ÕÓÒ ÈÖ !Ô pÌ Ø  Ø ×ÕÓÒ Ì hÐ ÈÖ !Ô ¤¤Ì  Ê 1 § } ×ÕÓÒ Ì Ð Ö !Ô pÌ  ¨ ÌÐ h8c!Î H ÌÍÌ ×ÕÓÒ ÈÖ !Ô pÌ  ÌË Èr ÌÏÑ ÌË hzcÈ Ð Ì3 w r Ì ÍÌ Î Ï Ì ¨ ÌË  Î Ì ÌË ÈÇ ÌÍ pG ÌË È

  u2h 2xwDe e)2©2d tsedrpe ped  ts  ³ d d r      d    ° usefeod ef p eqp 2  D`§uBxse d¤ ep Rede  D!xD emd pu  d2  2sÿ xmee Bsd· eûd npe edDd  7n|£ue ed  'enepd phe 'e§d ©e tpnd opf           m  ¥ F l wd d      xw uÿehuqDdtû 'Rg Ddh f¥  eeDdede qt Deppe ud §  Ddhbÿ     û   eudq#ed D  · }   d  d ·¥Ç#x©dz xu 4¢ edrDw & d  o f xm  e2Çl BsD d} ez Dd p '¤ uggw hþ fegeDd ©ôr oef ¥xu  z!y8eeB úz Ôöe0 ©¤} 2w2D Di sD hr  DfBi d ©PTDded e¯oeud f Di4qs qDo¦ eDdi due³ 'm u ©ewDsed ep  e d  Ø yu% Dntzy} qD©¥mBm  um exsdd  Btoefed!d p   Ø d  ¤  r  ¤    !'p} ywhm f dd  ed   Dd2  |v7e}de  xdgeez &xfpe e`¥ud ed hdD xm|e  Dd ©!2 w q&2Bof   r  2©pq Ded d R T} e`#hfTe¥geBr  u} D     r  u   d m     esedDe¥TDRw§ÿ û d &7xz Dp'dd  ©dD  D  nu p)hfDw©ofnp  te~g D`xud eD  Dxuto epfd  m   r   x     &  r ! d© ee pr d 0e} `#z 2¤s eeubÿ  ©sedeped D7 7xt7edd mr rf u ehf n} heDdD  d   ® xm l p r De`p ¤ 2 u|©z DxweeD qg7s)t 2e d u7x!zf e&d m  8u  D74u` DdBd h|2 Bnof d !  7 p4eepdd !qp r    f     d r r  qDD{D d 4u2 4Dh&|eDde4eDp 2 D2!sedeper£u°ed  ewsedep de  °½¤s   °} !eeszx e`d¥u uee&dd   rp2f eed  gee h°fu ` 27 xmBrl r  2 ¥   eh   xmq D `©yweep'xu&20 u  e  d   u  ¢ d r       Deqd 2wz } T4s zfrxuB2eoef¥d   ¥D  d h  2 sedep út R7xF2us q¤ edo2e  u ½f ree7ufFpu ed ¤  od esd u 2  2r  gede oe sBr%f 2!o¥qde D edf Dt&  ee!t¥pd d  ©DxwD o4 núdDz 2w  d ued f¤ d   ed  qfr R  R  ed  D k 7wD} he dz  ofd &7xwee Dd '&&2u z       ex  r     er2!xx #8§xh2rD¤ms 2ou f¥e d¥ |` exud2d ep k D u  } 2 Bg©'ef xuTD Dxd q¤   Dr úrrw 8  u o f  tr gDhDe DØd d px  d2xus ¤ e  r   d{ x      }r z  2s  2T³ xwuDq   Dd  2  % pehx ftdD ed%p mdh2e Br 2'eh¥e¥hfhed |pqe  2e Ddeded 2e k yu©D ¥q ¥pThw f0 2 2e xuedRD ud u e¥'p  x p m©   ed¥
Ê B


XY  r Å r à y r É wSà r 7tFt¤hpp5UÈq17~ Tw ü

 8

2

)

÷

m m (ù

ð m Ò



C ¦m

m

ù PH

Ö

Í û

m

 Ú

Ö

î ï

m

ú um

Ê 

m

ø 

m

Ê Û

Ë Ö 6

m

ø 

p G

֒ P|p q

Y  r Å r à  w d Q à aFFt¤p7p¤v|Æ

ÊÑÖË !h¢

öí }¿  í G

§ 0

Y rÅrà aFtF3@qhpas Áà d ià yr d Q 

§ W

ÌÎ g  I Ï Ì zÑ

ó

õ 2

ó ² È óò ô

§ 8

í 6ñu q §



2

)

ÌÍÌ pqÎ

ðÒ Ì



ë

Ù

ìÒ cë

 R

C ¨

Ì

ÍÌÎ

 ¦

Ì

ÍÌ Î

Ï Ì hÑ

Ë Ì@

§ Û

C

ei2¤2Dxs)xsp'2D¦yi2xs¦rhR 2D e}³ s i d r d   d r    d i ³  ³  i0 
£¡ B
LWF:

ÌÏ hÛÈï8  ÌË  ÌÎ

ÌË ÈG

Ì

î ¿

Ï Ì

Ë Ì¦

§ 

í u18 q §

   h } d  2  DDn¥efx®2w `2»u © seed  ªewfuDs!ed e7d hyzy} Bn25fDDs z ¤ oedgBxmr³  hyud n#eul r  deØe ud   u  xr i z  ¤ h §i¬odD f|u e2d ee ¥¦u 'Dyim xsd h¦r2is &Ds D xseh0h'}rd d  442hDô Dqw¦i2 ¥zDi ee2722isd ¤i ¢ Dexs¯ pd r mp w ¤ n f  2 dz  w d  eiseu¦i w 8zy yurheftse&| ed pu 'uq e2eu z }       DØed 7x%ôgw p u2D d  !r¤ xu&  oqf&qD' } % z ¢           d m d  desxh f2tw   ed   ¤  2s  2eu ¦yi w xsp¦ri z 2Ds ¤d yupqp  rd Did pz qp eBm eu'!R  dh2eÿ¥2xsrB© xR!T¡w uDRed  eeudp{û  2f e`¥&yux'g2ez gDd eis Rm e u ¦ui hhdDz ³¥D      u   }   si d d uw2D¦i ¥zDi2¤2d exspr Dxudq Dege tru  7 p|e rwu2 2D e¦ui ¦¦³sDi ¤2is ¦¤Ôexsr !©yu ¤ z  i i r Di¥zd 2%2eDxspdd  h edxsd     ¥mxmw d i ò4e udRq  #u e2d uDR¢ w¦uyiee 2pxsd r ¦r !Bexu³ de2  hud Dtd uyyuz  }  ÿ ° Psuwoef ued R y2`i juDqrÇdxs  24!D ¤ yu£uDd|zu D ·r d 2   d     û ¸  x ¹  ¹   z } uee2 w Te !x dyqm    ¤ ed   }z oz &d  rDf¥º w  ¥  ip d u } xnDtf2xm eu hf2 DD'd 0eim esd dDeu©¦ u '³  e )fe`½} ynz2p!de¤s d ¥Dqdpruw  ed Dud  seieu ¦i Ôz DRe`0edrue&fd 7x'DRofTe¥m DD d `Dehu ! 8°m xee`Dedrh xm¶Deed  e`oud ©±~e¢ D|w d 2qr  B  r    d } z  u  d    doqfe¥r x uhòw !p BDi dzq Dre DRRe`2½m©r  t2Dseu d d r   u    d r   B   w#xe2ØT !¼p e 2'd Dd dDe drD hf  epd Ds d Dued¥D d  } ts z ¤ s ¤      Ddede Tzr  pw  2hfu BDnuq2 n o¥ ee     d  m d e| & D2 !reDúh|©D`rrr  2e xu©DB r³¤ edf 2R&de e  e p   rpq) ed ©r7}  |x x©Dz 2xs ReD¤Dddd |r r D eDw  2} h f    r  ¤    xu© ¤ednp!|d dDq pxm l!De°tD`u #yz DwD2ss 4e FseudedD rr eRydf  uee enrhurof  efd h4h m ud2q Dg2  7úy} zz  8     p d§rr8oft& dDd d Dd         |e eD¬p  q 2%¤  D2d  u !2s s8hD¤ d w 2e e Dxu2s  ¤ hu yu f o© fru  dd    0  m  p gem B eepe!} !  ®ue¤t qDe dR ¬!dD t2Dw htp2eu`þ D0 xueD 2te Pef ©D oe pd x  t 
m ú m ù ë 3Ù ìÒ ¢cë H  o ë Ù ìÒ pë  Ì ÍÌÎ ðÒ ¢¤Ì    2 ðÒ ¢¤Ì Ë Ì1 ÌÍ pG

¥ 0

xwDBhDf§i Dded r  }e z! ed ©D¤ d xDe©ed p`   uqueq2©'sd  o 'edef x4mu p&w¶  R ee`dgu rDsDDdB r d  iheffDs|g DdD 'd gee 2 dDeetd d |   #ö· hDzyyu} hs Dd   !dD D eed ¥ §pe2d w uheeoe&Td efd heDf ddxmeR  rDqp`u  m   
C ²

LWF:

Time-linked-event

Eh

h

Ek

A-paying-event

Qk

LWF:

Adv:

Ei

Bi

L-paying-event

Wi

Li P i

LWF or Adv:

Adv:

bj

ej

LWF or Adv:

Payed-by-A-event

wj

Adv:

l j pj

bj

ej

Payed-by-L-event

wj

l j pj

1/2

822
§   ¦ ¡ G Y rÅrÃyr dQ  aFtFhpa w ë 3Ù ìÒ pë  o ë Ù ìÒ ¢cë  Ä ë Ù ¦ ëÊ 0r è ReW q ê ¡  Y  r Å r à  w d Q à aFtF¤p7pav3 Á w é  e

dr d  r   d  uexwDTuq2d qsgr qp use dDeRprhf)¬Dd d T   D75ew2ded uexs2di xsDr ored  eor2f q7Øe Di ex sw `DòuBep i q¬DDTeqp0 } `r  2ô  ¤ d z! d   x¹   d  w · 2 d  } Terqsuhefpxof DiDs'd TmDep d ei e³D  ÇhsDD`|ud uee d D rpe d oxf eReedz ptRo©qfdDd 2 eD¥d m dB fp e  deuet r!ee  ½d y %d !m e DB d t¤ oxmd  q D ¤`u 2 re¢ ewd res  dpe  pu  ed  } z   ge¤d rhf)q D'od ¥epu%q D©n§m w#} x %2s ruq 2 yuBe r2ef rD Ds r eueu ©T!e   d z2  !  r ¤   © d ¤ p d ee pd©o ' hff   R©Dm r! eÔw !p§e qpe   ¥0!rR}2 h2wsô gus ¥2¤ ©22  Dee) qpepd d    d   m  w2 ¤     ed         d d r    2°`òuhtDhddDPxspn&u eDisD §eT w2erd  xuB 2st2|  i ³ d   r r     d &   d Ø } {    h  r   44f  peò4¥xm Ty Dqdz r2km  qs!&ØtDfdedD ! xwh xuDed4pum dp h!dD yuee p} uq Dpd   h m d  rd  ³  d r yixsp¦ri z DhD2Rd D2 DBi zei22si ¤e2p¯i qDxs§ihf©h2xsr 2e D0 } d d
£ B


à 

§Ñ ê $¢

Ì & Õë

Ï Ì zÑ

ó²óò ô

q

ë

Ê A

§Ñ ê $¢

§ G

ê 0

2

æ a

Q WWt( T Tr Æ

2 æ`VV tFç

ó

o ÄÈÛ¨Ê ÌË  ë

õ

Ï Ì hÑ

ó²óò ô

q

ë

Ê A



Ì ë Õ

Ì

Í 7 ÌË Ì



ë

Ê @

 

ðÒ Ì

 ¿ ë o

Ù ¢

2

ìÒ cë

2

 8

Í 5 Ì 1 Ë

ë

Ê @

 W

Ì ¢ë Õ

ðÒ Õ ìÒ Ì upë



o rë

Ù ¢

Ì ë Õ

ðÒ Õ ìÒ Ì upë 

 1

à h

Ì ¢ Õë

y ¥

æ 

Q WWt( T Tr Æ

æ`VV tFç

§ }

ê 0

d £ip ¥e D 2x ¥ ehged  §d  Dgef 'dd {uuf© eeu u¥Ç`·R  DDge d h    d `u ¶ I   i  Dsd juodrDw §d 2  D&hHd8f ¥ ¥  d©8¥ dPGm pD ddjuwrse dDu  d f 4    m  Q  x h  d2 f ÿi ¦³Di2¦¤ Ôq Dd û Fd §D dt §ehePpqp¬ed o¶ d te p wDrdD 0eq pe¤I dG   f Dd B Ç·qD¥# !    d ju& Hei u%Dd r pdx xw D  DrhD de&rD r°e ueed !r  xit2®xsDd¤  2 fed r³ii `g&2§sei³ !¤rde 2TD ¨F xuxsEdr § ereud°0 ¤ e&   m    u  ¥ w gDÿ   ! Dx¥'» Dpm    d û d m 4  Dd B ~!¥ e48ÿ rû 08ed!x ewxdÿ ¦ÿ¥   ~~B û   ¦    ¤      ¥ Defd    ~u xû w4 u²pØÿ û Dd e4 np Ôþ ohfuú z         w d f ! d        f  ¤    ep u7%yud FDqez @rDfu 4e4 dpq d jidxdD !uequehd 2 4eÔpþw£üd qohfBúA  ¨ef7 CD¤d w d  2  2eu Ddi ¦³DDi2i¦¤s Ô edxs rr  r fDØD±yi¦ es 2ud xs5xmi¦r ³ pef `eT7! xspr   rh 2    u d 2  of d 4
ß ß æ  o 3Ì  Õë ìÒ cë  Xw vDÝzch¿pRhX § fQr yQ º  Q Y pavc1P@Y r V T V q ë

Y X Q rS Y Q !¤zvucR!ehpa di yrdQ ) Ì  Õë ðÒ Ì 

7 8

§ att0 py Y rr w

9

2

dQ aWca¿qtc6ê YV XrVy

 0¤

2

fQr zczº

Ê ¿e!WpÇq!` UX dS r TQ º r wS

7 8

§ atFF3@qhpauU~V Y rÅrà Áà d ià yr d Q  r Y ` ê GaFFt¤p7p¤vÄÁ Y  r Å r à  w d Q à  rS i Qw  Q Å  VY Q fw y  Uqp7!ct0c@ch7pa5w

¥ ÿ 4  û
Ï Ì zÑ ó²óò ô

` a~achz!savÛc7!p¦hFzFV SQ y VfrX r Y  w  b y X bff r Y avRFav1  r Y y r bS Q hU¤tÅ  Ì ë Õ

2 3#
à ¤

 

4 6

` pUW!X w Y Q Y V

Ì ¢ë Õ

4 5

r Y UV `

 wYY r X p7@F!uv¦Fa²¦$ ¥¨a(á Xw rr  ü · ·¶ â µ µ±

¨1

i m wi 2h³ §D¦ &Dim ¦³ 2s ¤2D¤edxsup8rd § orhxsfmdm fd |er  xm2q  De`¦uu yi x xspr   i  ¥   d
ÌÍ p7 ÌË È¨²0 ëÊ ß 0 o ( c7 ÌÍ ÌË 0 ëÊ HÌî a¢ ß 0 o 1ÄÙ ë ë ÊÑÌ 0!pË ÌË È0 ÌÍ p¨ Ìî ¨ m Ê ) ÌË B

Ì

Í 7

Ë Ì Ç

ë

Ê 

H

Ì

î 

ë

Ê 

§ W

ë

Ù 8

ê ¿

§ }

ß ~} 

ê 8

ë

Ê R

§ W

ÌÏ

¦



ëÊ 0¦

ê Ç

  DDwd D2)xm qD ~`©d !w~ uÿ ÿ e72qB hfuû&t7p û   ~r    ~    r   u ¢ u d)qDhfd e!h fRDm  2 &d uq2'p m ~  d       pd epd h2p¤ e© D'of¥qD'd ofRDö hRfD hfDd B e B#&nw    ! u Drhr fg e¥d d hd Rxhf  ³¥w m }  x    d  m      d x©z 7p d m D`e DpRxuDR xu  ~ Dedd xgpe ohf©D'rDd !  e`u eiD&sr i ¥ d r hf ¶ rewd 2! ueBzDi}¤ 2Dxsnm pq qdD edØBum  he¤ Dp dr2ed  ¤ e2pe d heopqde 2f neDr h e4g 22  2 D 4u ¦±yxsz} 2 y ¦rzd t d °  d n yi  i ³  
ë Ê æ`VV tFç

823
æ Ì Í 7 w r  ü 7Fa²sæ



Ë Ì Ú ÌÏ  ¦

ë ë

Ê @ Ê

~B ~ 
ß Ú}  ¦ 

o ë

Ù 3hu!c1Gq17u7cu ri YXb T Xr TwY Yw Q

fw   z5a¦c!0aFtF3@qhp¤ V` Y rÅrà Áà d ià yr d Q Y  r Å r à  w d Q à aFtF¤p7pav3Pphi Á Q r

Ë ryV r Y w X r fw Å  r X ¹ ä Ì ¨FppRU71qh7F!t!û1}Æ  í ©DpQ q § y Q crhi r è ®6Wt(B P¨aá q ê Yr Æ · ·¶ â µ µ±

0)

 ÑÑ 0cp!cp!

Ø

Ñ pcg  p  À

¡

)

'($" %#  Gh» ½ ¼

 ( 2

o

Ñ pp!

H e 2

H 8 2

 cÀ



 DI  Ì



ß W



 Â 2

ÍÌÎ m

ðÒ ¢¤Ì

 D

)

m

Ù

ìÒ cë

 B 2

)

m

ù

÷

ð m Ò

 Â 2



ÿ |

Ò

ÿ

 r

Ì

ÍÌÎ ù

ðÒ Ì ð m Ò



2

o

ë

Ù

ìÒ pë



2

H

÷

2 7

 7

ß Û 

m

m

 ¨| H ÿ

Ò

ÿ

 B

í

 ¿}í ö



í

y 0

¡

2

2 7

  7Fc

ß W$ 

æ a

TrVr  ü tpha²F

æ`VV tt0ç

Ì

ÍÌÎ

ðÒ ¢¤Ì



2

ß r 

o

m

m

ù

÷

2 7

 7

ð m Ò

 ~0u Hÿ

Ò

ÿ

 B$ P¨aá · ·¶ â µ µ±

Ì

ÍÌÎ

ðÒ ¤Ì

 a

ß



o

ë

Ù

ìÒ pë



2

2



· ¶· ¶ $vP¨aá â µ µ±

ÌË È®

ÿ

Ê ¥

p

ý 

2 

 ©| ÿ

Ò

ÿ

 ~

ÿ |

ÿ t Ê

ý 

i s dr d  di u  w2 ef u¦dr  ¦³Did2¦¤Ôi exsrr '2 D xid   2xs r ³ eD®eed ef2 `e2 h2xsr  qp e¤d tDnn ped ©D¤ddr exdoyu rhDfnDtse 2°ed e d #e¤ þ Ôr'þw hoDef f| 2ex  ee¥!xmd yrz eTd 0 e x©p d z© r 2 } ©    §wbg(  w  ~' Dyu exuu` te d D# De p `douu e&ed  ogDd efqTD4DdqqDp!reed q'pgm p  T Dee¥ DDxmh§d {ÔDxw ¥7xeü  zm r     R}   ¶  m   x¹      x¹ } ~ % TeDDs2exd2ge¥§ Te x xz } Dþ &þ      }  } d z T   s í }7 2 ®D xTzxe¹  ey e¹ »2e7&x%xzz ¥  d ¢ £     ¤ } &p2b ô yz    ©  ¤ © uqq D2 ~ d   ¤ ¢ $ d # "  m     r        d  epue d'T `òuqou e°&d D!Dh    e 0qgD D`dD do 0 ©  ¤ Ô©w  Ô hfúh%&£þ¤ Ôew þ  ohf   d )    w þ of  ~ z 2 d Dd f 2 úz p s Dqe2rprsrr©!g!   d      f        ©  © ¤  ¢ ~  £ ¨§  B  ¥ ¦  ~  0 ¤  r xmqD`|uwhoff fD'2 82Df xsh©¥ mxm xm xmqD` exm ©ef!` u u  edm  o d d f  e u     i ei2¤2Dxsrxs|  m s i dr   dr ¯  w2D  Bz q¥2s D 2i epq§ihfx 22w eBzDi2¦¤2ir ueoqfrdxs  hrD%)Dt pt2£¢  D ¦ Ôi eue¤¯   is   D    ed 2 d   xm}i§ ofye h4pPFRxw¢xz `u  e4eDd eDd d |hrr p   x Ô íwyu xu o7qf}°  x%ªBxm2 xlered  eRd o#  %e upe  pd    z        z w  d r      } z    m  d   ¡|xDe&2u7xd§qprehof   d   d  r p d   w e   }  z 2¤h  u   hef& tDe 2!2s pØ2x ¤  tFp7xútvfufD½  2tDi¬eudpq¯h D§i`&hf Dh¥xum h  m  s 2
þ ~¦ q ý


Ì zÏ

¦



m 0Ê

¦



ÿ

Ê

 ©Ë Ì ÌË

֒

q  p

Î Ìh

 r



Ï Ì7

D §!D` 2eu  m u  d uwyi2 e xspB¦rid zi Diz 2¦¤2uùØ2edB±8eoheúD  px s i  exsd r  s d  ¤ D~  f d z !  
ö í q ~ § æ`VV tFç ÿ u

¢  £

Òÿ 

)

ó

ÿ | Ì 7m Õ

  4
 7

÷ ðÒÌÕ c²ð m Ò

 G$ ¥¨a(á · ·¶ â µ µ±

¨t

Ì

ÍÌÎ ÿ

ðÒ Ì Ò ÿ



2

2 7

ß Ú} 

o H m ¡

m

ù

÷

ð

Ò m

H



 À

v À

Ì

Í 7

Ë Ì ~

m

Ê 

Ì nm Õ Ò m

÷ ðÒÌÕ ²ð @m Ò ó H ÿ



ß r} 

o

m

 ÌË

mÊ 0

Ì 7 Õm

÷ ðÒÌÕ cð



Ì 7 Õm

÷ ðÒÌÕ ¤ð @m Ò



§ 3

p &

Ì

ý ¨

ÿ D Ê

Ë ÌÇ

Ë ÌR

Ì

Í 5ÌË ÌË

m

Ê @

ß B 

Ì nm Õ

o m

 

Ë Ì Ä m

Ê @

Hÿ |

Ì nm Õ

£ÿ ¥ Ê

þ RR q ý

öí }u1c q §

֒

qp 

Ì hÏ

¦



m Ê

¦

ó





Ì ÈË

)

m ¨ ø

õ



Ì 7m Õ

Ñöí }ÇWí q § Ñ P|p ÷ q

£ !

Ì 7& Õm

 w ¦ ©  ¤ ©  B F ~  ¢   £ D4qpu©Dt2qDo Ô8ohúz  d            d     w þ d f f  DrhfDfu  qpeu xm B  2w rehÔf ý Ôþ 2 2w Dxuhoe§f fud d  h  7 r ¤ d þmp   w% þ g dd d    x Rw  ~ 4     ~   ¦ ~ ¦ dh  #4  B  B X  d 4    f f eD d DuqqeD2f ee xre¤¥emd e2e eD eee T DxRho2 Rô 2uw   d ¯p z   xT w2 hfge§rud  e Rpedem h&2ur e2 2i D§i¦} yofneô  wÿd       t   2 § ~ Rm D `Ø~û  Ceÿ2  o~    û DRse4d `xm  u 4  d  u jijixiedD2u xdeg eRD  deDD ` u utD De©`dDd opede r qDeDdd d2£red 2rhtufep|Bv©ef ¥ode`u eD¤ d fh   ¤ m u w þ d d h  z  mpe r 34  £u  q u½  i s i dr ueBzDi¤2Dxs¬Dd xm& e `e¥Dd d    d iz  }  2exipq2xsrB&§edRDXpi P  
 ÿ u y qp |

4     Pò

ö

í 8} q §

æ 

Q WWt( T Tr Æ

æ`VV tFç

¡ À

Ì

Í 7

Ë Ì Ú

m

Ê @

ß r} 

o

m

 

Ë Ì Ý

m

Ê 

H ¨u ÿ

ÌË ÈÛ²@ m Ê

 } Ê @

ÿ

Ê Û²0 mÊ

  Ú m ø

ÿ

Ê 

 | ~²0 m ø mÊ

 R ¨¥ m ø

ÿ

mù R

Ìî ¦

C ~

ÌÍ p5 Ø

ÌË È¥0@ mÊ

H 3¢ Ìî

ß 3 

o m m ù (¦p( R Hm m ø ÌÍ c7 ÌË È8t@ m Ê HÌî ¢

ÿ

Ê 



ß W$ 

om ( etu mù Hm ú § Ý

ÌÍ c7

ÌË È¥}0 mÊ

H GR Ìî

m m (Èù § 

Hm uÇe ú

p D

mÊ 0¦

ÌÏ

¦



m

Ê R

Ø

o

m

 m

ø W(¨ ÿ Ê



m

 m

ø W@ ÿ Ê

Hm

ú e

 u

o Wu ÿ

m

 m

ø ¥8@  ÿ Ê

H

m

ú e

p ¿

ÿ |

ý ¦

ÿ B Ê

m 0Ê

¦



ÿ

Ê ¦

ÔDw £d2þw ohfpúq z 2D¯defn  R©¤ q xmDd  e2 &hyuh©uff e| z Dxmd ´refu d %f !  u 2 u  2þ  d h  ¤ w   d s ~     w     ~     ~ §x  ~  hØu~ ur~ &¦ede¤g¥~m       s    ~D  tpqpFer~r !'ewd uÿDe©d Ønpû ed f~ ~   m ¤ ~   %~  f e e'2pqd   Ôô wbÿd x  ~ û   d D|i xmeu ¢ Dw  e  d m F  % e4 ³ eew  B d s  i e&hfrqD' oqfhØ 2he f©zDDi2¤ 2 d r   d     ¤ 2exsph r2he`òuR ~ ¦ueyixsp¦ri 8hg3©f © CuDd R w D} ÿ z xDu £sedhf2pô w ûB ~ z  e  } z  t  % qpeu8  eDR xm Pe¶ w R¥du 2¢ #xe`~# Rm³ eD  ~ d p  d  yiD°d  Dgxs2di p¦rDo%2i eeqh  §if2 h 'fe8p©m %r e` 2òu 2eu¤  hf w2he fu d  d z    h  ¯ p  7} yz
p m ú ß ý Ä æ`VV tFç

824
æÌÍ c7 Xr !W7²7pu7Fa²Gæ TwY Yw Q  w r  ü

x

ÌË ÈGh0 m Ê

~    x ~
ß B  ÌÏ om  ¦ m 

ÌË ÈÄh@ m Ê Hÿ ¦ ÿ ¨P Ê Ê 

~ o

  5
ÌË

d `XwY Q X Y X b h7vp!$!pWT ) m ø ry FppV

r Y av~78!h7F!F!1}¦h7a8c!aFtF@qhpa w X r fw Å  r X ¹ äÆ  fw    V ` Y  r Å rà Æà d ià yr d Q Q p¦hi r öí }D~eac17tFt¤p7p¤v|~p¦h®í q § yQ ºY  r Å r à  w d Q Ã Æ Q ri ÷ q p

ºY  r Å r à y r É wSà r 5aFtFhcp7UÈqW7@p8hÞsut(B$ P¨aá TwY Q ri þ q ý Yr Æ · ·¶ â µ µ±

¨c

¡ À

£ 

)

£

£ @

)

Î 

H ¨

Î

H ¨

)

£

Î

H 

 B

Î g7 I



2

£ @

2

2

2

£ 8

£ @

Î hI

Î I Ìgr

Î ÌW

E Î

֒

E $} Î

w 0

Î 

£ ²

Î W

C 

E

Î 

Ï Ì~

Î

H 

)

£

Ï Ì zÑ

ó²óò ô

Ò ¤Ì



Î e

Î 3

£ ¥¦3 q § £ ~

Ï Ì zÑ

ó²óò ô

£ ~

£ 

£ @

)

£

   f dr 2h2xs7d    w þ d f z xw huf§   D¤d ut4 ¤22nhof |³ e72x r Bi zeei¥¯d 2xms ¤2FDi  urxsd {± 2g xDf D`xi§uB !xsed rBzi p®wm 2DD r d Bu 7  d 22ui e¦òihfØef`02ohxspp2rk p s eD i ± xm d d r  d r   d d d ³ 4  !huw 22xsf Dd n¦r yudDi¦³i 2s ¤22i s eexsd Dpd e72 e xihDfq2 xsdrx ef`u Rp d  eDR¤ ÇbRT nU R  W V ~ DwRVRd TW n¤V~  U R `T~R DedTR    ~º ~  R ~ U ref¥tw W V `   W  ~ ¤ 0  Dd e2e © T ~°U` T °#e2p2d !D  22D¤ eque | §edrof  0   uqperd Ø xu h%!pqDd2eurpd  eg³ 2D yi  Dd  xs epTidd ¦ri Ddx³ p  Dxd8 yurr5³ uw2 e u D¦yi  xs¦rRwi¶ ØVWD     i pq2xsdDd 4d ³   edtD%D©2eqg2 D  ¦³Di2¤ rr    d  d   ¦i s w 2DxsyuxuDjuxdDd 2Dr q&°  &  ©e'xdd u 2 Dt 4xm!´ 2ô          xwoqfhyu gDþ VW eeexyuhrf Te xu¥D d  deu8p4 Puee¯dD xd  t p )eþ VW ex¥DqedT hpe 2f h  eeD¯ded uexdR B 2e © t2 u  w Tr&2w e§õqp seexdd  r©p ed ~   §ieed © 2© ju `sux wr ee  D©qd Dr seqd dT eTDR T)TdD¢ |VW ueee©x xdp 0D2q  u xd 02  qexdeD e oqp2 f ³  m  x d £iDu`Du x e|2Doefrpe0qpep'xm      r           Dd ur tp R¤ xwhf& uqer de ed  epd    x      w|xdeerDd 2 e  ©m pq2D¯dr2s Dd22 ped Bhefu h§ed¥ep} ee  ur)hf©uex©D|xwÇwR¤ 2 eBr yiiidef h g4sfteudrrm p eerxdf td e2   W 7e¯xmd&deyu ' 2ew dDþ 2ur WDq  xmDd B eR !ede g2 qpD § õ           d    } z  w 2hi Dfes 2ud  'eds xud epehp© Ddd  yu¤ RRu ue³Di¤2Ri Dxsd r   rr  ©e oû DdB" XW V `~  aR `ep eDxxdd g !gÇw3Rÿp   hW   Y XW s¤ of efd TD  x   udD eur hfû Ryurp )©B¤ 2VWi Dú! #w d e`ú¦ÿ     hew xdu 2r© ud   z w dr# e!§)D¥hº R %uus e&&d   2 VRTTe n!RVõòd~ xu U eTpR  S¤R e&T§e dexu&¥e  edeRu u  DRDdq e Tq¥22eeu uh¦ ¦nDi¦³~i¦³Di¦¤¦¤ÔiÔqqD Drrm d  #  i U 2 i    s2 d
£ 3


m

 ¨m Èa3 ÕÖ Í lÑ g¤

Ö£ $¥¨m Èl q ÕÖ

Ö

jÑ !¢

qp r

q r Ü

Ö

î Â

j

2

H G



Ö

î u

Ö

j

H a Ö

H 3

j

H

j

H

Ö j é

Ö

¤ R

£ G

 

Ñ

 ¨

 e

j 

Ô

£

j 

2



Ö

j 0

2



Ö

£ B



j

2

 r l

£Ñ gh

Ñ

£ !Ñ

£ÑÔ £ !p$W

l R

4 1

¡ 1

4 0

æ`VV tFç

V c!`



j ¨vuh7a( Xw  fw 

j A

4 7

Dd DDrû2 p w exphr d  v d m e¥24m eBh § oef°&ed % e|yuÿ r dPû¯  gu§t e 0e p 'xwh ~f   d  f z  nd d    d © }  |F w b%V%s    úz wwDodd b%V%2b% 2   Dxu!Ddeupd  u2 n pe nhpfdD   hp!Dxuxu ¬ d¥pep§ `gued  xm!f  r       kp h  w  ~ '   d    x    |   d | gqxuBede¥2xwoqfhDfde ³2¥ eeeed  ueed epr d ¡iju¥ eepdphDde`edu eur Td e2`¥u o qDpd 2u e u2    mwueepd Rr 2 2 u   dr  R xu& tw  0uo nm n m   0 e® pm  o  x   £i D& yu4  b% V%b%  x w   F 2qe dr2    l       uedg |Deg   % Dd iipeu  u &Rr !Rw ©ped eB gp  u`§u  rò nmxpe #d !¥peeDd    r  '  j x¹ Te } yz
2 Ö £  

bý££% k  B  ö   i   2~   ©  ~ hg f e  d   @( 2 x
' '  j 4 7

2 

YQ cavY

f bX z!Dqhap!7w 4 Xrf  QYX 

XY Xw 5!vp ©t²Ç r rr  ü · ¸·

 

§ 

µ±´³±° a²²²¯

 G

«

ÌÍÌ c!Î

ðÒ Ì



2

o

Ì

Í 7

Ë Ì Û

m

Ê @

Ì 7m Õ

÷ ðÒÌÕ cð 2

2 7

Ò m

 G

Ì

ÍÌÎ

ó

ó

2 7

 7

 

E

E

Î Ì ó Í

 W

 G  m

Ì

ó

Í

õ

o rk × 2 

õ e ó

2 5

 7

Õ

Ó pÒ   

Ì

õ

Ê @

Ô



÷ Õ ð

Ò @m

Ì

Í

õ

E

Î Ì

 

I Ga 

Ë Ì 1 m

Ê Â

ÌÎ

 

I Ç 

¡ u

ÌË 1!0W m Ê

p u

k uÈ¥¨ H ÌË m Ê

k 0

m

Ê

¦



o ~ÈDÊ ÌË m



Ë Ì¿

C 6

ó

Ë Ì 

m

m @ Ê

Ô



÷ Õ $ð m Ò



Ì cÍ

ÊÛ ó õ

 Gp5 ÌÍ

ÌË È¨@ m Ê

Ì 7& Õm

÷

ð

Ò m



p 1

Ì 7m Õ

ÌÏ

¦



m

Ê

¦



ÌË

)

  B©`2 R    v   Dw ¦ 0©  ¤ ©     ueeoqp{w ~ 4 ©   ¤ © eþeòÿ b 2 ©      x  ~~Dû B w     © ¤ 3©            ~ ~  y em udu  D'¥m  &R¢ ywem  b ~ ¥ q      §dD`ufyu¥~ T u eeud 2  ¥ g2t fpxu   Vn%    ~ e dmRDd pi RD d oDx¥! RÇwV%b%¦Ôm  q  #qr§Teu yi2 Tqþ xsTpd ¦r©§tz tTem e#u`d uey t e drD'¬ &TP`Dm pu 2 e u edyr¶ w DDdh¥ufegd exu Dod hB f ¤  #e eofd  xdD} D'yd ' Dz u2qsdep &¥¤  xm2dD  newre r¥DeDd exd  £   sd f ¶ 2 p Ô  Deodd  f©xmDBpw d  ¥ §edRye eudd©'u e¥xw h½!de &8¢ h òw Dd  ¯  m  m ¤       ¤        ~    f &~ Dr|eedDe|¥ xuRxu2¬4 Ddep}  w puk i2e  om 2§ qpRe` u hp ~hDd   © u m 4   ~ m  d d u§e ee© Vd  § gDe`udequ DhqsDDqd2d D eer  
 5 I ÌË ÌË m ø Ì hÏ ¦ Ì Î  m Ê 0 ¦ I Ú}   ÌË ÈÇ ÌÎ g

825
Ì hÏ ¦  m Ê m ¨ ø ÌË ÈR ÌÎ  Î I ÌgG   ÌÎ  Ë Ì D Ï Ì1 ÌÏ ¦  m Ê ¦ ÌÏ ¦  m ø ¦  ÌË )  ÌË m ø 3 Ì 7m Õ ÌÎ g 3 I §  Ì hÏ ¦ ÌÏ ¦ k ¦  m Ê ¦  ÌË  ÌË ÷í q r p Î Ìh  0 Ì Ý Ë Ï Ì7 ö }í q ~ § æ`VV tt0ç Ì ÍÌÎ ðÒ ¢¤Ì  2 o ÌÍ p5 Ë Ì  60 mÊ Ì 7 Õm ÷ ðÒÌÕ ¢¤p$ð m Ò 2 7  7  · $ P¨aá ·¶ â µ µ± m  h  m ù ÷ ð m Ò  ) m   Ì Ç Ë m ðÒ Ì Ê  óò Ì 7m Õ óô  ÷ ð @m Ò ó   u ÌË Ä$h7  ÌÏ Ì hÏ )   ¿@ ÌË m Ê Ì 7 Õm ¦ ÌË Äq0@ m Ê õ  m  Ê Ì 7 Õm mù G Ì 7& Õm § 8 m Ê ¦  k ) m Ê ¦ m ø   ÌË  ) m ø ¦  öí }r8§ q m ø m Ê m ù 

ef`e u    m u  f d  # © §¥e`ö DhRDp  e&gded  Dd !¦r yi   2 exsdd ¦r &Pexw¤ d hefh°rf §qp2e  m Btud De hxu f  2 ¤i ³ f Ôô  2   n  r    ¬ Ddn D¤e°eeo%D! f 2d Fsedepenp e udu     ¤ eoher ¬ p¥em eo` h©eB¦r2kd u¤ i f D2 B©x  w Se|qu'egr wd opfde    m pf  r  h 4 u  m  ³d dg2 ©T2 D¦i ¥z Di2s ¤2}i  exsz ptt  §iB¤ ue2xi e 2 xs2di rDxsi trquq 2© yuPD &¤ xs h§¶ ½8py4e2r¤s  ¤ ³ r p  o d f p    2 ¥¥ii  eud pex} ¤  |xu2Roefeu 2§ r D&xmoef±w DRe xut§'e 2 udD 2e d z        m '  `u © d   R r  | wyi2 D xs¦pid ¦r¥zi Diz 2¤2 exspd F2e7D~hqsDqd2Dgur |D x s i r s d  ±   z d   ¤   ©  © ¤  í ~  4 ¨ wd f  u  e2 b d  hof~ ©4 '¦D `&qpu eDeTxw e ~  © d    x i e    m ~  í dt 2  8f xd  2 i    k42ep r 4  ~ 4 ¶w  §w f e h)e©k2D©& f §©D`u sexud&  eper!2np ²xweD!e& reh toe qf!%d p 2 ru  xu B¤ d  ©  x d r    ¬2u DdDRix D¦ ¥zdw2 Di2D s e¤2uid ¦yie xs B¤  2p d xsr ¦ri oefeBd§em euo|tDned fu  d z    ¤ %d z
÷í ûB qp æ`VV tt0ç m m ù ÷ ð Ò @m  ) m   ÌË  m Ê  Ì 7m Õ ÷ ðÒÌÕ ¢¤p$ð m Ò  B$ P¨aá · ·¶ â µ µ±

ó

ÿ |

÷

Ì 7m Õ

ð m Ò ó

 @

ðÒ Ì

ó

 Þo o

ÿ u

ðÒ Ì



ó

 Þ o ó

ÿ |

H 

H

'

ÿ u

ðÒ Ì



ÿ |

Ò

ÿ

 r ó

Ì

ý r



ó

ÿ u

w

ÿ uh Ñ

Ñ

'

ÿ u

§ Ä

ÌË Èu

)

÷

ó

Ì nm Õ

ð m Ò



õ



Ì 7m Õ

Î Ìg

Ì 7m Õ

p ¨

 ~ 4 ¨ w d f       x  4 xw ~   phhufq)  £¢ ¥e`u 2xwed d       u¨V%b%w   ¨ ~     ¤     ¤ D oxmqD`u ¢%  xu¼eòF2xws Fpqu° qxwp &  f    ed 2ei u&ed w¯n ¦òihfroxu § D eTBruw D©y  b%  Rb%V% xu¥hv'2©mdD¤ pD  d  2i |qe ½}Dy2zs qdun2s !D¤ 2hd uqeu2 Dtd  te B4deD ©)'em  Dured hzfDi|g¤ s DsD2³ dDxsued r dz #   r   i   om   ¤  r  ¤ 8 B i  yw 4 DDe d x 2 wqo u¦k2Du k2e4 #q ¥rdR w 'eh #ded  h i 4 i        f  dE §r  Dm xue `Ruf 2Dxit2xsr i z   ¤ f   2BxuTBr2pr  h&uwx he fDh h7D§edd o e2!d pe7d} Bx z¤
Ì hÏ ¦  k ¦  ÌË r


Öj $0

Öî }6

m

ÕÓÒ !Ô p@m



Ö $£

m

m 鬕 ͅ l

Ô

£

p B

m !Ô Õ

4 7

î

j @

o }

4 5

2 

Ü Ç

Ö£ $Ç

2

H

j

2

H

2

2

 ¥j

2

  2

2

Ö

H 

2



H W Ö

Ö

î ²

Ö

Ö j R

Ö

£ x m ÈÖ Õ

H 0

î 1

l 8

2

Ô

£ 

2

Time

2

m

 u2 m

' 

m Õ ¿ Ö l

2

m

H ¨W Ö¤

Ö jÑ $!¢

q ~§

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
o W Ü
S1

Ö£ $DsÌ Õ q

Ö Û l

Ö jÑ $!¢

q 1 p

Ö£ $¥Gm Èl q ÕÖ

Ö£ $Ú

Ö£ $r

Ö£ $~

Ì Õ ¨ Ö l H

m Õ 8 Ö l Ì

E ²j

¤ ¥

Öî }

2



Ö î }ta H §  0§ 

2

Ì

§ ¿H

2

Ì

Ö î }t$ ÚH § H Ö ¤

2

Ô

£ t

m

m

Ö

¤

 ²2 m

Ì

ÌÕ Ö

l a

Ö

î  2

H

2



m

Ö

î p  p  ¢2 m

H

2

p 

H

 p



Ö

¤

H

Ö

¤

m

p B

o G Ü

m Ȩ¥ ÕÖ l ÌÕ Ö

2

p 

§

p

)

m

H B$W Ö¤

Ö $j

 G

l ~

m ÈÖ Õ

l Â



Ö

jÑ !

Ñ  Ñ

Ñ 

p G

Ö

£ ¦

Ö

î P²¢ p

m

 

p Û

Ö

¤

 Ö

Ö

£ ¦

ÌÕ

l ¨

m !l ÕÔ m !Ô Õ l

E t

H a

2

m



2

H

2

m

 ¥

l cE

î G

ÌÕ

l a

Ì2

2



j

§ 3

j ¥  Ì

p 

2

H

Ì2



2

m

 û

Ì

2

 p eH §

2

j ¨

j Ç30  j

Ô

£ Â

î ¢ ÝH §

¤ Ú

2

m

§ r

¤

2 m  $2 m

£ 

po  w uu l   Dxw `oq| 2  p v  xur  Df`» xm TDded &d u  ! p v edd g d p    |§edrD`& D öyu{xmBl d g p q2½ ©xsDDqduDeDsrtD8!wdx   o uxu 2 !ef `DxmfB l   uh DDxmd`Dol h  BsD eu`dg&eu e  p eehr tDfdtwx&Bxm e orr  #`e efgo'rdDu  qfT'em 2s~De'dd hemTef8ôd 2 hf u · d   d p   x ¹    f em 'Bm  exdgdD qr2§ws  d qspl  eeofm Øx~xmx#rdD}z·  yPpe BD ¤   l ~ ¤   } l  )  p ³ s r   ) z  ded¥Dw qrsedd ueB2 xmD D ehu ofh  5D°! u7dp evu z   n½~ p  d   D'm       ¤    BrgÇ#xnw      ~      ·} z d ~  d  o dd     ~ ~ hfD'xuem ep Df`xmuu 2 )del e edteu u  o y uh r  exm¥gefl tÇe#`· pdxmxBt|lz ed  ehpDfr !F4Du d uD`r sq !dD D ±Df!&Beme &³d  !xw hff d m d u   t r h  }  xd xm '     uq2oyhepwd  oyu f t¥r e d0 e  oDr efed 0 uhx w e  } z    2    uee¥xd ©h 2B u¤  'òw  D2§F7xz   ~ yup hv hbÿfû m   ! x o    ~ }  ¥ ó o û  dm d ~ v Vÿ © ©of Re¥hpebÿ û p û bÿ 0p û p bÿ 0 û  ÿ n¦eo © Dd DxR2|  ~ p  e p v ÇD· 0  ú2 d   v       d  0 D u` 0 um 0 0 ehfòoF t§wD `r F ö    ûg ³ u û  ueg2©u   2D h0 eD)exepp he`e òup °e¤ ¢2   d d  o rh xuRyw 2V½ xD~ xT | bÿgû |D 2§!yûz   ¶ w        Vÿ }   dm  d hfee¥eVÿ û Vÿ û ÿ &eDd û Dxd   euÿ ÿ 2b  ©pû xDv ~e8oxedû Ç· fpxd hD'ud f !2pm q D'ÿd v V'»úy V~½2yÿ ~ ³ wq  v û  û t         m p     ³ ¤ t 4ede p'  p hfrnyw xh4 B%2b% b%uexu} x4ed dde  ee©x p F 4 u ©D©p q¢2e u     þ z r&   ew  Dx  ! om Dp¬ © xTxd Rxwh f' e ¥m Ç· d       } z   ¶  d §R  o uo Dguq)qghf ©e ¥m Ç· T Dxd  u eTxw¶ Rw z o o Do uo© 2e o  o  bÿ go Dûd  ´ d   û  dm d û   bÿ  oqf'D'&Dhbÿ  P ÿ û Deexpu2 v Çx·  xofRRhw hf d d     ³ 
l 2 2 m m gÔ Õ l ~ Ì ÈÖ Õ l m ÈÖ Õ l Ú m ÈÖ Õ l Ä H u Ö î   2 H u Ì  § 2 2 H  Ì  a sH § 2 2 m § H Ö m   PH § Ö j t  R ¥ § Ì  Ö ¤ H ¤ 2 H c Ì ÌÕ Ö  l ' Ì ÌÕ l & 2 m

d    }       we xd  epR xupe gz eu0  ©h ¥iuqo r 2rp!d   2 p ©mr dy' 0  o&hs Dd e DpeqpxØ  ÿ    û e2°d   e  r nf°7§xDh©uq  &7qe  Rx ywe ¤ f  2  !opf   dp       }  z    w2 %§ 'xuB r 2ro de 2o 2ed guwô  uu22 gp eDeq hf ©es ee¥dd e Bshdef f&e sp Dedd  o  % p m  ·o ueui D© & Dd ¥ oqfed e e xd yF uÇ·  p def`Tr  2d yu©e uqDe ¤ ¥w  D |d D xixiDDqdqdpuutpe eeeDqd D2x 'xursr eof©`Dd Dteu  u7xm©e!|D d pr   &      d h       | û~ yuhf hTf DhDe¥dd ew ede hw D xd p  v öhÿ `eeTDu D©dyuÿ h eû|qD 2ud  m d'  | ´   d r t     u d    p   x   h   ³ Dw d e xmh  ee`f DöP u{uz 2 l ©erd De ued &)ru`dr T xw f`&tepd   u  u2    ed©r  D Ded ed hDfd©p r ) ed     2  d  e  xr e2  2   ep DdD gd DDeh2oeefô wd)© pyoe©edD  dr D `u ©pouf 
Ö£ $r Ö ¤ÑÖ $z¤¤ j ¨ Ö £ 1 ¤  m ÈÖ Õ Ö Í ¤ Ô £ Ú £ j j  m  1 p ¿0$B  Ö¤

n5

T4

T5

S4

|| || || || || || }}~~ }}~~ }}~~ }}~~ }}~~

n2

n3

n4

n1

T3

T2

T1

S0

i/s

i

S2

Pages

i

S3

S5

Requests arrives Adversary services LWF services Adversary's flow time LWF's flow time

826
m gÔ Õ l ~ 2 jÑ !¢ q ¦ § £ q ÌÕ l jÑ !¢ m q uu p Ô £ ©q m !Ô Õ l Ú £ P Ô £ Ô £ Ú 2 m H Ö ¤ 0 ÌÕ Ö l G 2 m m gÔ Õ l 0 ¡

D'eemu2 ©p e ³ ú 2û ©r%ued d m d        ¤   d  û   hf¤ ròw    e `u t   egq|evee§u`u 72¢ uhue 2& pD u  p  eeumgdd Re ud 28D   hxD   qu Dxdr 8pr2uq   ur !DD nd eudh¥|tmw ugR u xo2efoefrD pxnspu     n  r   r   g   w     p  o  qfed pu& ed h fDq #0  e©d} 2  ©   ed7x ut¥e0eTd!2eexgt  dD} vyxm¥Dz q s Dd q Rjm   !pB2Ruôr 2w   } z  d  r   d   x ewsed deped  u 22s ¤ ope e`y} 2{z 2&¤s Dd t2o fe d Ppeü 7e e0e }d   u® 
£ 


## ¤¥

& !

¦ ¡

¢¢ ¤£

 

& 

& 

$ 3 #

2 y

s sw x £¡ H

H

X 

s v

X 

I 6Ft us

 ¡

Y

qY r¤

X p

 F



i 

hX '!

f g

& e

$ 3

¢¢ ¥£

¢¢ ¥

 !¤

 ¡

Y

H

¦ §

& d

¢¢ ¤£

$ E

b c

2 a

$ `

¢¢¢ ¥¥

Q P¥ Y

X F

 F

 W

G A

V U

& U

$ %

$ D I P

¢¢¢ ¤¥

# T

RQ S!

H

 ¡

G A

¦ F

& D

$ E

$ D

¢¢ ¥

B C

¢¢ ¥£

¦ ¡

& A

$ @

4 @

2 39 ¢

¢¢ ¤£

& 8

$ 7

$ 6

4 5

2 3

¢¢ ¥£

0 1

¢¢ ¥£

( )

& '

$ %

¢¢¢ ¥¤£

¢ "

! 

 

 

 

¨ ©

¦ ¡

¦ §

¢¢¢ ¥¤£

¦ÙÙØ¢ ® ×¢Öãã×¢ ® Ë Ë ¯bVs÷ BQXVXBu8usÌËÊ » ´ ο ¦© ¿¬ ® Å ¬» ¼» ± ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ º ® ¾ °¿ æ¦ ¦ ² £Ù Qxª¦X£b£yâ ¹£y!b ¶y¯6·V¹bbysxþs¯QX`bÃæ Þ¥X0¢¡ ¦ Ú Ú ® § ¤ Ë ® Å ¼» ± ¿ À ¼ ³ Ñ ´¸¨ ¼ ³ À Î ÷£ gÒ£6u¹·0¸!¯£Üs¼¯¹d·b0©x¶0´¹TâX¿ °¿ ¶¬¨ Ñ À¿© º ®´ ³ Á À¿ ¶¨ ´ ¦ ± °¨ ¸ ª ³¬ ¦ £ X·0¸·B&ÒV§TQ¯Tb·0¸B&xªÈ y &BT&¹·y h d 0¢¡ ¦¸¸»¬ Ç Ç ® ù ôï êñ ð ï ·y¹Ñ 8 £y 3 b&ð y&£Òî öëí ëê ðï ôê í «£3pìBÆé £v £ Ð & ¨øy££ ô î ùëí ¨ð0ù££ & u ôõ ê ñ ð í íí ð ï ¶ ¬¨» Ñ Ñ¨ ¿´ ® ž ¼ ³ ±» ª© ¤ » £ By £T °vBu¹XC·Ï¯bQ°¶¹÷Q·÷Í&°¶¼ ½ ° á Å ® ¾ °¬¿ ç ¦ Ë ± °¨ ¼¨¾ ¤ ¦ å ®¸ ª ³¬ ¦ £ã ¯5$¹&·Bâv8wQX@®¼Bb£uQ¯·â h X0¢¡ ¦Ú ÷$ Ú ® Ú Ö Õ㢠®ü û ®ï ù î ùë í ® Å ° ´¨´ °» À¾ ³ ¯ Tb3&!bÚu b!AñÒ& ¨øy££ ô ¯QX0¿x¶V·¹!hbQX¨ »©¬ ³¿¸»¬ ¶ ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª©¸ ¼¨ ¶¬ ½» ´ ¼¨ ´ Ñ á y¹X·yH0¨b &°¶¹£&··SX30©x¶0´·!©!h0Àx¶ÈXh0Àx¶Q5·º °!`8uvQXȯQ·Xâ88T°y·÷ÈdQѶ¼¼¹y aÇ dB0¢¡ ¶» æ ¦ å ± °¨ ® ¾ °¬¿ ç ¦ Ë ® ¶»´ ¤ ¦ Ç ®¸ ¶ ª ¦ £× ¦¢ Ú ® § Û á ¤ ž ¼ ³±» ª© b¯ QÒ8d¹`bQ°¶¯£Q«·¸ ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ¶ »¸ ³ ¶» ´ ± °¨ ¸ Ѩ» ª ´» ¶ µ ¬»´¸¨ ·b¹bVy¯°6·&s¬!QxªhQXs&B&d0©x¶3&°£â!··V&xߺ ® ¼ ¼ ³ ¸´ ³ ¸ ç ¦ ® °¨ ¬¨ ç ¦ ® ° ¼ Ѩ ¦ ä £Ô 0¸0¶£0µ¶¯B0¿x¶·&B0¿x¶5Ïh ¦X! BâET B0¨¯BT Ò¥X0¢¡ ¦ Ú®Ô× ¹ u¹X£Õ Ö ØÕÕ ®ü û ® ô õ ê ñ ìí ôï ðë õ í ® Ÿ µ¬¿ ´» `bbÆ!£ã b Að0ù÷£ & u ·8bQ!¹££ ¹·¹·X6Ä&° ¸¸ ¼» ¶ ¶ ¸´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª© º ¶ ¶ Ѩ ´ ³ ·0»yy¬qÄ °d··b¹bVy¯PQ°¶¹÷Q·÷¤ d®XA¨¼¼¯B&xªQX0¨¼ ½» ¦ ² ± °¨ ®¸ ª ³¬ ¦ ® À¨¬¨ ± ° ¸¨ °¨ ¼¨ ¦ þ £Õ !s ÞC&BhQ¯·â h PbyB¯Q¯x³V&Bb0BT d¥X0¢¡ ¦ Ú ® ÕÔã Ö ¢ ã®ü û ® ¯ u¯VbÒ ¯¹!£Ô P ê ø ìí ôï ðë õ í ® Å»© °¨¿ ¶ ¼© ¸¨ ¼ ά» Ä¿ Ñ ¸¨ & h·sb&y¹££ &QXVBb ¬X0¨yTb8¹¨³·!6BudVÒ0¸¶ ±»» Ñ º ®¸ ª ³¬ ¦ ± ° ® À¨¬¨ ± ° ¸¨ °¨ ¼¨ ¦ þ £Ú 3u$¤ E&¹·â h QX¨ PbyB¯Q¯x³V&Bb0BT d¥dB0¢¡ ¦ Õ Ú ® § Ë æ ® ž ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ±»¸¨ ¼ ³ ¯V uÒsvÿ¯bQ°x¶·b3¯Vby¹¡·V&Á½¼¹¯Ñ ± °¨ ¸ ³ Ñ ¾ ¶¬¨ Ñ À¿ Ǻ ® ¶ Á ³ ç ¦ ä ± °¨ ¼¨ ä ¦ § £¢ QXExªQ¹P&°·B&ÒV6·T¹0¾¯¹X¨ ¦Ò`&B6¼BduÒ¥!b0¢¡ ¦Ú Ú ® ¤ Ç á ß ®¸ ª Ѩ¬ ÷$ Q&8TâÅ Q¹XyX¾ » ´¬¨ ¶ Á ¶ ¾ ¶ ± ° ³¿¬ ´ °» ± °» Ñ» º ® °¨¸¨ ¶ ¶¬ ·0´x¶yB&ѹC°&°£Q¯By¡¹!¹Q!u!ÈxÛE¦X·bB ¹°·$¤ ¦ÒV¹xªbyX·V&xªyBâ &DB!0»¼¯£d g¤ ®¯£QXd ¦ X 0¢¡ § ® ´¨¬¨¸¨ ´¬¨ ¦ ¤ ®¬ ¼ ³ ª ¦ ¶ ª ± °¨ £ ¦ Ú Ú ® ÙÕÔ ½×ÚÔ ® á Ç Ê ® ž ¼ ³±» ª© ÷£ g¯bV8dV£¹Ò86 â¹bQ°¶¯£Q«·¸ ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ¬ Î ¸ À ¶¬¿ ¼¨ ° ´¨ ¶è¿¬ Ñ Ñ º ® °¨ ·b¹bVy¯sX¿8hQxª0´·Xb0¾B`X0¿x¶Vh0ÀbBy¯¹5§âBHæ ¦dÇ dQX¨ 0Àd hB!0»¼¹£d gÍ®¹÷QXd ¦ XØ ¡ ½ ý ±° ¶ ¦ ý ®¬ ¼³ª ¦¤ ¶ª±°¨ £ ¦Ú ÷$ Ú ® § Û á ® Å Ä¿ ´¸¿ ½ ¶ ¼ Á¨´ ¼ ¸ ° ³ »©¬ ³¿ Ò8d¯¤ ¯8BQ ·b©¹°ÒÀ A»¯B··0´¶¯xÑQ¯{y¹X·¸ ½ ¼¾ ¸ ο ¶ Á¨ ¶è¿¬ Ñ Ñ¨ ¶ ± °¨ ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª©¸ ´¸¨ !0»B&°x¶uBP¨´¶0¼¯Bh0ÀbBy¯¹XQ°h&BhQ°¶¯£Q«·s·b© ½ ±¨¿¬ Á ο ¸¸» ° ±¬¨ º ¼¨ ä ¦ § ± °¨ ª©¨ Á ¼¬ Ë ç £ £bVy¯8BÒ·Q£yXdäh®¼Bd¦ÒE&B#«V&!0»·â¦¦ ¥XÙ ¡ ¦ Ú Ú ® § Û á ¤ ® Å» ° ¶ ¸¸» ° ¶ Î °» ª Ä Â ¾ ÷$ gÒ8d¹u¯3&¹ 0¸8·&·¬B¨Py&66¹&°¶ ½¹÷Q··6·b¹bVyuxþsQ¯·â h QX8¯QXܯsbuÜd ¡ ¼ ³ ±» ª©¸ ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ º ®¸ ª ³¬ ¦ ± °¨ ¸ ± °¿ À ± ˦ å £ ¦¯ ¹V¯35b &!B·u& y&B¨êBu X깦 £ÿ b!¨ñù Ú ®¢ Ô¢ Ö Ø ¢ ®ü¢û ú ®êñ ð ùñ ë ø õ î í ôï ¨öXê£!& ¯¹·B¯6Qxª°ÒQ°¶¹÷Q·÷¤ u¹QXh¹uBuÜXã ¡ ø ë íê ® Å µ¬¨ ± » ´ ¶ ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª© º ®¸ ± °¿ À ± ˦ å £ ¦ ãÙØ¢ ®¸ ° ´¨ ¶ ° ³ À À¿ Ç °¿ »© °»¬ Î °¿ ¯VbÆ&B0¿x¶b0©¹¯ThVq¡XTQ!y!h»¯BqÇ ¼¨ ° ´¨ °¬»´ Ê Ë Ë Ê Å ¬» ¼» ± ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ ¬» ± ° XQX0¿x¶V&·!·¹¨°@suË£y!V ¶!¹P·b3¯Vby¹Á y¯Q¯³ ¸ À»´¸ ¸ è»´¿» ¶ ¬ Î ¸ À ¶¬¿ ¼¨ ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª© ¤ h··£·r·b¹0±b X¿Ãh&xª0´·Bb0¾BsQ°¶¯£Q«£·º ®¹&BHsæ uå QX8BBhhÈuÞȦXh$bdsÒÛ Ò¥d× ¡ ¾°¿ æ ¦ ¦ ±°¨ ®¬¨ À À § ¦ ² ® °¨ À»µ Û ¦ ¦ ä £ ¦ Ú ® Ø×× Ö Ù×× ® § Û á ¤ ® Ÿ´¸¨ ¹ u¹XVDÒXVuS5d¹u¹···b© ½ ±¨¿¬ Á ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª©¸ ¶ » ´ »¸ °¿ ¸» À ³ ¶è¨ £bVy¯vQ°¶¹÷Q··Ã°¡h0Àx¶Ï·&BuxÑy¬ &T0ÀbbhÀ ¾ ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ º ® °¨ ° ¶¬ µ ³ ´ ³ ² ¦ ¤ ± °¨ ¼¨´¬¨ þ ¦ ý £ u°y Ò0À¯°P²dÿXQ¯xª0¸·£¹£xª&P¹&`&B&®B·yX6¹hÜXÔ ¡
#   ¡

827

¦×ÙØ¢ ®ÚÔÚÖ×ÕÚ ®ü û ú® ð ø ÷$b⣣B¹d$XQ!£Ôu¹¯£¨íù£ï ö÷0õbBÆd!Q£Òy£0ìXÆ⯷30»!£d·V¹bby¹5£3·0»!·´ ôïó ò êñ ð ï îë í ëê é ® Ÿ ¼© © ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ´ è»´ ¼» ο ° ¸»± »ª º ®¾°¿ æ¦ æ¦ å ±°¨®¬¨ À À §¦ ä¦ ² £ XDX0¾x¶3¯8Qqçs¯QX`bÃbuhQX£BBhhdVÒVÞÜXÕ ¡ ¦ ÙØØ¢ ® Ø× ½¢×ã® ² á Ç á ß Ê Ë Ë ¯Vb3¯B£ã!££¹Þd8TâÈÌÓssÌËÊ ®¹bQ°x¶·b¹bVy¯`·b¹vQXh¹±¯BÐ0»X·¸!VyX0¨hB¿Î ž ´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ¨´¨ ± ± °¨ À» ½ °¿ ¼¨© ½»¾¬ ¼ ¬ ¾ ¼ ³ ±» ª© ¤º ® ¼ µ °¨¬ ß ¦ ² ± °¨ ®¿¸ µ § ¦ Û £ &°¶¹£&·£·à°¶£¹Xy¹ÞÝQXbB·¹8ÒÜdÚ ¡ ¦ Ù Ø Ø¢ ® Ô× Ö Õ Ô ® ¾ ¶ µ¬¿ Ä´» Ó ± °¨ ¾ ¶´ ³ Ñ À ¿ ¯Vb¦¯BDÒbu¹&°£·B6x3dÐQX&°xQ¹Òb6Ç 0»¼¹XÐÏX¦·¯B6¦¹h°ÍusÌËV`qÈƯ·hQx0´·XV0¾X¨ ¶ Á¿ ² °¿ ¦Î °¿ Ç ¦´ Ê Ë Ë ÊÉ ² Ç § ® Ÿ À ª ¶¬¿ ¼ ± °¨ ¸ ¶ ´» À Ä» ° ¸´¸¨© ±¨¿¬ Á ± °¨ À» ½ °¿ ¾ &BH30©·x¬h3&÷·b¹bVy¯CQXh¹±¯BQ°¶ ½¯£Q«£·T¦XQ¹x0¸·£¯£xQP&&`&Bu¯VyXQ«Vd&&¥!0¢¡ ¼ ³ ±» ª© ¤º ® °¨ ° ª ¶¬ µ ³ ª´ ³ ² ¦ ¤ ± °¨ ® ¨ ¬¨ ª© ¨ § ¦ ¤ £
    ª  c8

I Û0c H

 PG 

I sc H¡

C

 



' '

j



' '

2





2





!

 '%# $" ! $Gh»  ½ ¼

j 0

î 

)

4 7

j @

 Û

j



' '

2

H u

 R

j

2

H u



î ~

2





l

j @

j 0

î 

H

 0

4 7

lÑ g¤ Ü 1

q ûr Ü

sv y  2  ¤  r   r    d DwqsDd qd2ed8p2egsm q2oefdRyur    r     B erBD¤ bDx£ u%  f! !BTt§w r q£ý&2`% ü  eD~qs 'ed ux eBr¤ r  suDe qp epBr©&d etpe B¤ ©r pr   d d  d       s   B¤ r r  drh D2¦Ôi exmqD4' úw ½eB&B p ° e4{2e p  ezBPu B'%¤ xm ¤ ed  egd D4d u qD©ed DRdru D  d    ©   ¤    uw2eudsDi B³i P sD 4}s 4z ¥xmu e`°sDd eum Dr    deuDiqs Du ¦%djun®yde`½oDd f d dr¥p qy phBefer er )xmeq`gu2 xs%&Dm 2eeds qo2!qdDfd qs  ¬de e Dn)e¤  pr rD  x ¤ 2  ¥ |  ' Dryw eedn yuu d  oefD q uDinb4o¥dhe¤xmr B  ! e2y½7e pFur `r Drrq pe v2u 2  e¤ u'm Br Bx¤  ¤ ~   } d z        R y      s w  hg f e  d  © uo nm     o ug hf &he  !  unm   o o nm   o     o m&   &unv d o v  ¤  r B{vhDf  sqed u q ed euoef x  r  ~    òw l  l r xm2T~l ÇBsTdDx e¹ e DDd  ge tfDb eu¤ q  D'dde ¥2m |e s epu q 2he¤s ogf ¢ · d  2  §w  e  g hf&he       e~{   ~  ~    l   ¬  l    d eD%x w 0 n m  nm o s d    x    l ~ '  f   2¤ yuPe D§d D©txwofØxm  g#DhhDfhp °l rdD~   hDf© xm4  &q2 4hffe±m     l    ¤2   t  w§ Dldu tg42 2o eur2 ~ u 2Tx e¹  eumd e rpBof u x  Dqd!p  s ¤ d    ÿ  u  d2deo  ef0t© û m D `ohfu u xm DRyu hf4¥xmf  l q eppd 202©  e x D ~  qsDqd2peedB 2¥r    
j 2 Ö H ² 2  ¨}G Öî C